Marine Citizen Science: Recent Developments and Future Recommendations
Marine Citizen Science: Recent Developments and Future Recommendations
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海洋公民科学：最新进展和未来建议
DOI：
10.5334/cstp.270
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
A. P. Tøttrup
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andrew Sandahl;A. P. Tøttrup
海洋公民科学在公民科学文献中的代表性很低，尽管这些项目为海洋保护提供了工具（以数据为重点）和能力建设（以社会为重点）。然而，监控监文献自1990年代初首次出版以来持续增长。很少有评论考虑到监控监的发展历史，也没有评论考虑到该领域的最新发展。通过回顾2014-2018年发表的185篇MCS论文，本研究探讨了MCS的最新发展，并为未来的MCS项目提供了明智的建议。在调查的五年中，监测、监视和监视系统的出版物数量和附属研究国家的多样性都有显著增加的趋势，尽管许多具有高观测潜力的热带研究区域仍然代表性不足。调查的MCS研究中有68%（68%，N = 126）关注非象征性研究受试者，而32%（32%，N = 59）的研究关注象征性受试者（例如，珊瑚礁、巨型动物和国际自然保护联盟编制的《濒危物种红色名录》上的濒危/极度濒危物种），这表明科学主题的魅力吸引力可能不是限制志愿人员参与的因素。近82%（N = 151）的研究未能描述明确的假设，许多利用新数据的研究忽略了在报告中包括数据质量保证措施的描述（25%，N = 47），这可能会加剧公民科学研究整体面临的可信度挑战。最后，只有一小部分研究（10%，N = 19）涉及的参与者不仅仅是数据收集，尽管志愿者可能会为科学研究带来独特而多样的观点。总的来说，这些结果有助于为未来的MCS项目提供一套建议，这些项目旨在通过明确陈述假设/质量保险方法，考虑非象征性研究物种/智能手机应用的潜力，以及设计允许志愿者参与高观测潜力领域的项目，来提高其可信度，研究设计和志愿者贡献的质量。
Marine Citizen Science (MCS) is highly underrepresented in the citizen science literature, despite the instrumental (data-focused) and capacity-building (society-focused) benefits such projects offer for marine conservation. Nevertheless, the MCS literature has experienced continual growth since its first publications in the early 1990s. Few reviews have considered the developing history of MCS, and none have considered recent developments in the field. By reviewing 185 MCS papers published from 2014–2018, this study examines recent developments in MCS and offers informed recommendations for future MCS projects. Over the five surveyed years, there were significant increasing trends in both MCS publication quantity and diversity of affiliated research countries, although many tropical study regions with high observation potential remained underrepresented. Sixty-eight percent (68%, N = 126) of surveyed MCS studies focused on non-emblematic study subjects versus thirty-two percent (32%, N = 59) of studies that focused on emblematic subjects (e.g., coral reefs, megafauna, and endangered/critically endangered species found on the Red List of Threatened Species compiled by the International Union for Conservation of Nature [IUCN]), suggesting that the charismatic appeal of the scientific topic may not be a limiting factor to volunteer participation. Nearly 82% (N = 151) of studies failed to describe explicit hypotheses, and many studies utilizing novel data neglected to include descriptions of data quality assurance measures (25%, N = 47) in their reports, potentially fueling the credibility challenge, which citizen science research faces as a whole. Finally, only a small portion of studies (10%, N = 19) involved participants beyond mere data collection, despite the unique and diverse perspectives volunteers may bring to scientific research. Collectively, these results aid in forming a set of recommendations for future MCS projects seeking to improve the quality of their credibility, study design, and volunteer contributions through explicitly stating hypotheses/quality-insurance methods, considering the potential of non-emblematic study species/smartphone applications, and designing projects that allow for a spectrum of volunteer participation in high-observation potential areas.