Nonself vegetative fusion and genetic exchange in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices
Nonself vegetative fusion and genetic exchange in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02726.x
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Sanders, Ian R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Croll, Daniel;Giovannetti, Manuela;Sanders, Ian R.
丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AMF）与大多数植物形成共生关系，并形成广泛的地下菌丝网络，同时连接不同植物的根。本研究以一个根内球囊霉（Glomus intraradices）群体的5个菌株为材料，研究了萌发孢子菌丝间的融合现象。我们表明，遗传上不同的AMF，从同一领域，蔗糖，导致可行的细胞质连接，通过遗传交换可能发生。对遗传上不同的分离株，然后在体外系统中共培养。将新鲜产生的孢子单独发芽以建立新的培养物。使用几种分子工具，我们表明，遗传交换发生在遗传上不同的AMF之间。来自每个亲本的特定遗传标记被传递给后代。后代是可行的，与植物根形成共生。一些后代的表型显着不同，从任何parent.Our结果表明，相当多的滥交可能发生在这些真菌，因为九出10个组合的不同菌株的杂交。在AMF之间进行实验性遗传杂交的能力为理解这些重要植物共生体的遗传学和进化生物学奠定了基础。New Phytologist（2009）181：924- 937 doi：10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02726.x。
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbioses with the majority of plants and form extensive underground hyphal networks simultaneously connecting the roots of different plant species. No empirical evidence exists for either anastomosis between genetically different AMF or genetic exchange.Five isolates of one population of Glomus intraradices were used to study anastomosis between hyphae of germinating spores. We show that genetically distinct AMF, from the same field, anastomose, resulting in viable cytoplasmic connections through which genetic exchange could potentially occur.Pairs of genetically different isolates were then co-cultured in an in vitro system. Freshly produced spores were individually germinated to establish new cultures. Using several molecular tools, we show that genetic exchange occurred between genetically different AMF. Specific genetic markers from each parent were transmitted to the progeny. The progeny were viable, forming symbioses with plant roots. The phenotypes of some of the progeny were significantly different from either parent.Our results indicate that considerable promiscuity could occur in these fungi because nine out of 10 combinations of different isolates anastomosed. The ability to perform genetic crosses between AMF experimentally lays a foundation for understanding the genetics and evolutionary biology of these important plant symbionts.New Phytologist (2009) 181: 924-937doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02726.x.