Exploring the Early Organization and Maturation of Linguistic Pathways in the Human Infant Brain
Exploring the Early Organization and Maturation of Linguistic Pathways in the Human Infant Brain
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhv082
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Dehaene-Lambertz, Ghislaine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dubois, Jessica;Poupon, Cyril;Dehaene-Lambertz, Ghislaine
语言处理是基于由两条通路连接的颞叶和额叶区域之间的密切合作：“背侧”和“腹侧通路”（假设在成年人中分别支持语音和语义处理）。我们在这里调查了这些途径的发展，在语言习得的发病，在出生后的第一周，使用横断面扩散成像在21个健康的婴儿（6-22周龄）和17个年轻的成年人。我们使用纤维束成像和扩散张量成像参数的原始聚类分析比较了这两个年龄段的束组织和微观结构。我们观察到两组之间的结构相似性，特别是关于背侧/腹侧通路隔离和弓状束不对称。我们进一步强调了语言束的发育节奏：腹侧通路成熟比背侧通路成熟更先进，但后者在出生后的第一个月赶上。这一时期的快速发展可能与语音跨模态表示的学习和语音输入的首次组合分析有关。
Linguistic processing is based on a close collaboration between temporal and frontal regions connected by two pathways: the "dorsal" and "ventral pathways" (assumed to support phonological and semantic processing, respectively, in adults). We investigated here the development of these pathways at the onset of language acquisition, during the first post-natal weeks, using cross-sectional diffusion imaging in 21 healthy infants (6-22 weeks of age) and 17 young adults. We compared the bundle organization and microstructure at these two ages using tractography and original clustering analyses of diffusion tensor imaging parameters. We observed structural similarities between both groups, especially concerning the dorsal/ventral pathway segregation and the arcuate fasciculus asymmetry. We further highlighted the developmental tempos of the linguistic bundles: The ventral pathway maturation was more advanced than the dorsal pathway maturation, but the latter catches up during the first post-natal months. Its fast development during this period might relate to the learning of speech cross-modal representations and to the first combinatorial analyses of the speech input.