Urban Climate Informatics: An Emerging Research Field
Urban Climate Informatics: An Emerging Research Field
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fenvs.2022.867434
复制
发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ariane Middel;Negin Nazarian;M. Demuzere;B. Bechtel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ariane Middel;Negin Nazarian;M. Demuzere;B. Bechtel
城市气候学这一科学领域长期以来一直通过实地观测和不同尺度的气候模拟，研究城市与其上空大气之间的双向相互作用。随着传感与通信技术、算法以及数据源方面的最新进展，如今出现了新的研究方向。这些进展与计算能力的迅速提升相结合，增强了传统的城市气候研究方法，并为深入了解城市大气状态和动态提供了前所未有的视角。本文介绍并探讨的新兴领域——城市气候信息学（UCI），通过整合城市气候学和气候信息学这两个已有的领域，采用多学科方法开展城市气候分析。城市气候信息学是一个快速发展的领域，它利用四大技术趋势来应对城市当前面临的气候挑战：传感器技术的进步、数字基础设施的改善（如云计算）、新型数据源（如众包数据或大数据）以及前沿的分析算法和平台（如机器学习、深度学习）。本文概述了城市气候信息学的历史与发展，回顾了近期的技术和方法进展，并重点介绍了受益于新型城市气候信息学方法和数据集的各类应用。
The scientific field of urban climatology has long investigated the two-way interactions between cities and their overlying atmosphere through in-situ observations and climate simulations at various scales. Novel research directions now emerge through recent advancements in sensing and communication technologies, algorithms, and data sources. Coupled with rapid growth in computing power, those advancements augment traditional urban climate methods and provide unprecedented insights into urban atmospheric states and dynamics. The emerging field introduced and discussed here as Urban Climate Informatics (UCI) takes on a multidisciplinary approach to urban climate analyses by synthesizing two established domains: urban climate and climate informatics. UCI is a rapidly evolving field that takes advantage of four technological trends to answer contemporary climate challenges in cities: advances in sensors, improved digital infrastructure (e.g., cloud computing), novel data sources (e.g., crowdsourced or big data), and leading-edge analytical algorithms and platforms (e.g., machine learning, deep learning). This paper outlines the history and development of UCI, reviews recent technological and methodological advances, and highlights various applications that benefit from novel UCI methods and datasets.