Natural disasters in African countries: what can we learn about them?
Natural disasters in African countries: what can we learn about them?
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非洲国家的自然灾害：我们可以从中学到什么？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Lukamba
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Lukamba
灾害带来的问题对所有非洲政府来说都变得越来越重要。每年在撒哈拉以南的非洲都会发生各种各样的灾害，而且越来越普遍。本文分析了1974 - 2003年30年间非洲不同地区的自然灾害统计调查。这表明非洲大陆的灾害频率正在增加。数据调查表明，东非地区是受自然灾害威胁最大的地区。2008年，气候灾害，特别是干旱，在非洲东部造成许多人死亡，吉布提、厄立特里亚和索马里有超过三分之一的人口受到影响。该地区经历了过去30年来有记录以来最多的灾害事件，其次是西非地区。就撒哈拉以南非洲发生灾害事件的频率而言，南部非洲区域排名第三。最不容易发生灾害的地区是中非。本分析中的观察结果涉及不同地区因自然灾害影响造成的经济损失。在某些情况下，由于这些国家的增长迟缓和其他内部问题，无法从经济损失中得到补偿。此外，本文还提出了一些缓解撒哈拉以南非洲地区自然灾害问题的策略。
Problems posed by disasters have become increasingly important for all African governments. Every year a variety of disasters occurs in Sub-Saharan Africa and these are becoming more prevalent. This article presents an analysis of statistical surveys for natural disasters in different regions of Africa over a 30-year period from 1974 to 2003. It shows that disaster frequency is increasing on the continent. The investigation of the data demonstrates that the East Africa region is under the greatest threat from natural disasters. In 2008, climatological disasters, notably droughts, claimed many victims in the eastern part of Africa, with more than one third of the population affected in Djibouti, Eritrea, and Somalia. The region has experienced the highest recorded number of disaster events for the past 30 years, followed by the West Africa region. The Southern Africa region is placed third as far as the frequency of disaster events in sub-Saharan Africa is concerned. The least disaster prone region is central Africa. The observations made in this analysis relate to the economic losses in different regions from the impact of natural disasters. In some instances, recovery from economic loss could not be recouped because of stunted growth and other internal problems in these countries. In addition, this article suggests some strategies to mitigate the problem of natural hazards in sub-Saharan Africa.