Psychosocial stress associated with sanitation practices: experiences of women in a rural community in India
Psychosocial stress associated with sanitation practices: experiences of women in a rural community in India
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DOI：
10.2166/washdev.2014.110
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Juvekar, Sanjay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hirve, Siddhivinayak;Lele, Pallavi;Juvekar, Sanjay
这项研究调查了印度浦那农村社区妇女和少女在家中、公共场所、工作场所和学校使用厕所设施或露天大便的心理社会压力来源。混合方法包括妇女中的焦点小组讨论、主要线人访谈、免费列名和对306名妇女的社区调查。9%的研究家庭和大多数季节性移徙女工无法使用厕所。对人身安全的恐惧、受伤或事故、不干净、侮辱、羞耻和因缺乏隐私而导致的尴尬是与露天排便有关的主要压力来源。季节性移徙女工认为缺乏隐私是心理社会压力的一个重要来源，但并不担心她们的人身安全或受伤，尽管她们普遍无法使用厕所设施。诉诸露天排便的妇女感到压力和骚扰，因为社区领导人试图执行露天无排便政策。我们的研究强调，卫生方案需要考虑妇女在厕所维护、卫生设施提供的安全和隐私方面的具体需求。还需要采取具体战略，解决季节性移徙人口的环境卫生和个人卫生问题。
This study examined sources of psychosocial stress related to the use of toilet facilities or open defecation by women and adolescent girls at home, public places, workplaces and in schools in a rural community in Pune, India. The mixed methods approach included focus group discussions among women, key informant interviews, free listing and a community survey of 306 women. Nine per cent of the study households and most seasonal migrant women workers lacked access to toilets. Fear for personal safety, injury or accidents, lack of cleanliness, indignity, shame and embarrassment due to a lack of privacy were significant sources of stress related to open defecation. Seasonal migrant women workers perceived the lack of privacy as a significant source of psychosocial stress but did not fear for their personal safety or injuries, despite their general lack of access to toilet facilities. Women resorting to open defecation feel stressed and harassed by community leaders trying to enforce open defecation-free policies. Our study highlights the need for sanitation programs to consider the specific needs of women with regard to latrine maintenance, safety and privacy offered by sanitation installations. Specific strategies to address the sanitation and hygiene issues of seasonal migrant populations are also required.