Integrated and adaptive governance of water resources: the case of South Africa
Integrated and adaptive governance of water resources: the case of South Africa
复制标题
水资源的综合和适应性治理：南非的案例
DOI：
10.1007/s10113-012-0322-5
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Elke Herrfahrdt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Elke Herrfahrdt
气候变化及其对水资源的影响已成为世界许多地区的现实。水供应的不稳定性以及水供应的渐变和突变正在增加。为了保持水部门的可持续性，需要提高其适应意外事件的能力。因此，使适应成为水资源治理的一个组成部分，将是水部门今后的主要挑战之一。本文件重点讨论水资源综合管理（IWRM），水资源管理和治理的指导概念，能够在多大程度上解决这些挑战，以及需要哪些额外的功能，以提高水资源治理和管理的适应性。在实证部分的文件，南非水立法及其适应气候变化的挑战进行审查。该文件认为，水资源综合管理为提高适应能力提供了一些切入点。然而，水资源综合管理的概念应辅之以适应性治理的特点，如多中心、冗余和灵活的治理结构，以便更好地应对不可预见的事件。得出的结论是，水资源综合管理和适应性水治理的特征包括许多协同作用和权衡，这些协同作用和权衡在不同的组合和背景下发挥不同的作用。该文件概述了需要进一步的实证研究，这些权衡以及适当程度的功能，如参与，灵活的机构和冗余。
Climate change and its impact on water resources have become a reality in many parts of the world. Uncertainties in water supply as well as the gradual and abrupt change in water availability are increasing. To maintain the sustainability of the water sector, its ability to adapt to unforeseen events needs to increase. Making adaptation an integral part of the governance of water resources will thus be one of the major future challenges for the water sector. This paper focuses on how far Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM), the guiding concept of water management and governance, is able to address these challenges and which additional features would be required for increasing the adaptability of water governance and management. In the empirical part of the paper, South African water legislation and its adaptability to the challenges of climate change is scrutinised. The paper finds that IWRM offers a number of entry points for increased adaptability. However, the IWRM concept should be complemented with features of adaptive governance such as polycentric, redundant and flexible governance structures to be better prepared for unforeseen events. It is concluded that the features of IWRM and adaptive water governance comprise a number of synergies and trade-offs, which play out differently in different combinations and contexts. The paper outlines the need for further empirical research on these trade-offs as well as on the appropriate degree of features such as participation, flexible institutions and redundancy.