Prenatal exercise reverses high-fat diet induced placental alterations and alters male fetal hypothalamus during late-gestation in rats
Prenatal exercise reverses high-fat diet induced placental alterations and alters male fetal hypothalamus during late-gestation in rats
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产前运动可逆转高脂饮食引起的胎盘改变，并改变大鼠妊娠晚期的雄性胎儿下丘脑
DOI：
10.1093/biolre/ioz213
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Bo Sun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin Song;Jianqun Yan;Nan Wang;Xiaojing Wei;Xiao Luo;Kai Meng;Bo Sun
母体高脂（HF）饮食对母体代谢和胎盘功能产生负面影响。本研究旨在确定妊娠期运动是否能阻止HF饮食对胎盘氨基酸转运蛋白表达和营养感应信号传导以及胎儿反应的影响。在妊娠期间，用CHOW（13.5%脂肪）或HF（60%脂肪）饮食喂养妊娠Sprague-Dawley大鼠，并将其进一步分为两个亚组：自愿运动和久坐。在妊娠第14天和GD 20天采集胎盘，本研究使用雄性胎盘。我们发现，妊娠期运动改善了HF饮食对母鼠肥胖、血浆瘦素和胰岛素浓度的不利影响。母体运动不影响胎儿胎盘的生长，但影响男性胎儿下丘脑Leprb，Stat 3，Insr，Agrp和Pomc的表达在GD 20。母亲HF饮食降低胎盘迷路厚度和增加系统A氨基酸转运蛋白SNAT 2的表达，而这些变化通过运动正常化。雷帕霉素复合物1/4 E-BP 1和LepRb/STAT 3信号转导的胎盘机制靶点的激活可能有助于HF喂养的母鼠中胎盘SNAT 2表达的增加，这在GD 20通过运动逆转。这些数据强调，妊娠期运动逆转HF饮食诱导的胎盘变化在妊娠后期不影响胎儿生长。然而，母亲运动改变了胎儿下丘脑基因的表达，这可能会影响后代的长期健康。
Maternal high-fat (HF) diet negatively affects maternal metabolism and placental function. This study aimed to determine whether gestational exercise prevents the effect of HF diet on placental amino acid transporter expression and nutrient-sensing signaling and the fetal response. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were either fed with a CHOW (13.5% fat) or HF (60% fat) diet during gestation and further divided into two subgroups: voluntary exercised and sedentary. Placentae were collected on gestational day (GD) 14 and GD20, and male placentae were used in this study. We found that gestational exercise ameliorated the detrimental effects of HF diet on dams’ adiposity, plasma leptin, and insulin concentrations. Maternal exercise did not influence fetoplacental growth but affected male fetal hypothalamicLeprb,Stat3,Insr,Agrp, andPomcexpressions on GD20. Maternal HF diet decreased placental labyrinth thickness and increased system A amino acid transporter SNAT2 expression, while these changes were normalized by exercise. The activation of placental mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1/4E-BP1 and LepRb/STAT3 signaling might contribute to the increased placental SNAT2 expression in HF-fed dams, which were reversed by exercise on GD20. These data highlight that gestational exercise reverses HF-diet-induced placental alterations during late gestation without influencing fetal growth. However, maternal exercise altered fetal hypothalamic gene expression, which may affect long-term offspring health.