Urinary Cannabinoid Disposition in Occasional and Frequent Smokers: Is THC-Glucuronide in Sequential Urine Samples a Marker of Recent Use in Frequent Smokers?
Urinary Cannabinoid Disposition in Occasional and Frequent Smokers: Is THC-Glucuronide in Sequential Urine Samples a Marker of Recent Use in Frequent Smokers?
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DOI：
10.1373/clinchem.2013.214106
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Huestis, Marilyn A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Desrosiers, Nathalie A.;Lee, Dayong;Huestis, Marilyn A.
背景技术背景：在戒断的频繁大麻吸烟者中，δ（9）-四氢大麻酚（THC）、11-羟基-THC（11-OH-THC）和11-去甲-9-羧基-THC（THCCOOH）的尿排泄延长。我们的特点是四氢大麻酚，11-羟基-四氢大麻酚，THCCOOH，大麻二酚，大麻酚，四氢大麻酚-葡萄糖醛酸苷，和THCCOOH-葡萄糖醛酸苷处置在尿液中的频繁和偶尔的大麻吸烟者，我们提出了一个模型来预测最近cannabinsmoking.METHODS：频繁和偶尔吸烟者居住在一个封闭的研究单位，吸一个6.8%THC大麻香烟随意。在收集的24小时内，通过液相色谱串联质谱法对每个尿液中的大麻素进行定量。结果：没有尿液样本具有可测量的THC，11-OH-THC，大麻二酚或大麻酚。在所有频繁吸烟者的尿液和60%、100%和100%偶尔吸烟者的尿液样本中，THCCOOH、THC-葡萄糖醛酸苷和THCCOOH-葡萄糖醛酸苷均可测量。在频繁吸烟者的样本中，给药前和给药后最大浓度（非肌酐和肌酐标准化）和阳性概率显著较高。THC-葡糖苷酸浓度在吸烟后0.6-7.4 h达到峰值; THCCOOH和THCCOOH-葡糖苷酸浓度高度可变。在新采用的THCCOOH 175 μ g/L世界反兴奋剂机构决定限值下，仅50%的频繁吸烟者在给药后0-6 h呈阳性;无偶尔吸烟者的样本呈阳性。第一个样本中肌酐标准化浓度>= 2 μ g/g的2个连续THC-葡萄糖醛酸苷阳性样本之间的绝对%差异>= 50%预测了大麻吸烟，在第一个样本收集后6小时内，频繁吸烟者的效率为93.1%，偶尔吸烟者的效率为76.9%。这些受控的尿大麻素数据提供了一种可能的方法，可以在吸烟后的短时间内确定大麻吸烟者尿液中最近的大麻摄入量。(C)2013年美国临床化学协会
BACKGROUND: There is extended urinary excretion of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH- THC), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) in abstinent frequent cannabis smokers. We characterized THC, 11-OH-THC, THCCOOH, cannabidiol, cannabinol, THC-glucuronide, and THCCOOH-glucuronide disposition in urine of frequent and occasional cannabis smokers, and we propose a model to predict recent cannabis smoking.METHODS: Frequent and occasional smokers resided on a closed research unit and smoked one 6.8% THC cannabis cigarette ad libitum. Urinary cannabinoids were quantified in each void by liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry within 24 h of collection.RESULTS: No urine samples had measureable THC, 11-OH- THC, cannabidiol, or cannabinol. THCCOOH, THC-glucuronide, and THCCOOH-glucuronide were measurable in all frequent smokers' urine and 60%, 100%, and 100% of occasional smokers' urine samples, respectively. Pre- and postdose maximal concentrations (non-and creatinine normalized) and probability of being positive were significantly higher in frequent smokers' samples. THC-glucuronide concentrations peaked 0.6-7.4 h after smoking; THCCOOH and THCCOOH-glucuronide concentrations were highly variable. At the newly adopted THCCOOH175-mu g/L World Anti-Doping Agency decision limit, only 50% of frequent smokers were positive 0-6 h postdose; no occasional smokers' samples were positive. An absolute % difference of >= 50% between 2 consecutive THC-glucuronide-positive samples with a creatinine-normalized concentration of >= 2 mu g/g in the first sample predicted cannabis smoking with efficiencies of 93.1% in frequent and 76.9% in occasional smokers within 6 h of first sample collection.CONCLUSIONS: These controlled urinary cannabinoid data provide a possible means of identifying recent cannabis intake in cannabis smokers' urine within a short collection time frame after smoking. (C) 2013 American Association for Clinical Chemistry