From categorization to classification: a comparison among individuals with autism, mental retardation, and normal development.
From categorization to classification: a comparison among individuals with autism, mental retardation, and normal development.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037//0021-843x.104.4.601
复制
发表时间：
1995-11
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
C. Shulman;N. Yirmiya;C. Greenbaum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Shulman;N. Yirmiya;C. Greenbaum
自由分类，矩阵，类包含任务管理16名自闭症患者，16名参与者与智力低下（MR），和16名正常儿童，匹配的心理年龄。在感知矩阵上，MR参与者的表现不如自闭症参与者，自闭症参与者的表现不如正常儿童。在功能矩阵上，自闭症和MR参与者的表现不如正常儿童。自闭症参与者表现不如参与者MR和正常儿童在自由排序的代表性对象，并在类包含任务，这需要更高的操作思想。这些结果表明，自闭症患者在完成需要内部操纵信息的任务时有困难。这种损害是讨论有关的认知缺陷自闭症的特点。
Free-sorting, matrix, and class-inclusion tasks were administered to 16 participants with autism, 16 participants with mental retardation (MR), and 16 normal children, matched for mental age. On perceptual matrices, participants with MR performed less well than those with autism, who performed less well than normal children. On functional matrices, participants with autism and those with MR performed less well than normal children. Participants with autism performed less well than participants with MR and normal children in free-sorting representational objects and in the class-inclusion tasks, which require higher operational thought. These results suggest that individuals with autism have difficulties with tasks that necessitate internal manipulation of information. This impairment is discussed in relation to the cognitive deficit characterizing autism.