Jump-land characteristics and muscle strength development in young athletes - A gender comparison of 1140 athletes 9 to 17 years of age
Jump-land characteristics and muscle strength development in young athletes - A gender comparison of 1140 athletes 9 to 17 years of age
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DOI：
10.1177/0363546505281242
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Galloway, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barber-Westin, SD;Noyes, FR;Galloway, M
背景资料：许多作者推测，改变的神经肌肉控制和力量的下肢负责的性别差异在膝关节韧带injury rates.Hypothesis：显着增加标准化股四头肌和腿筋力量和肢体对称性单腿跳测试发生与年龄。在14岁之前，力量没有性别差异，之后男孩比女孩产生更大的峰值扭矩。年龄和性别并不影响下肢对齐上drop-jump test.Study设计：横断面研究;证据等级，3。方法：我们研究了年龄和性别的影响，在1140名运动员，9至17岁，在功能活动过程中的肌肉力量和神经肌肉控制。在300度/秒下测量等速股四头肌和腘绳肌力量。肢体对称性用单腿跳跃试验进行评估。一个视频跌落跳跃测试确定下肢对齐在冠状plane.Results：扩展峰值扭矩显着增加，随着年龄的增长，最大的力量在女孩在13岁，男孩在14岁（P < .001）。尽管男孩在14岁时达到最大屈曲强度（P <0.001），但女孩在9岁至11岁时仅略有增加（P =不显著）。年龄在14至17岁的男孩有显着更大的标准化等速肌力比同龄女孩。没有年龄或性别的影响存在于肢体对齐上的跳落测试或四肢对称性单腿hop testing.Conclusion：最大的腿筋力量，注意到在女性运动员的年龄11岁，与年龄14岁的男性运动员相比，和一个明显的下肢外翻对齐存在于大多数的所有运动员登陆。在着陆时下肢对齐方面没有性别差异，这表明其他因素可能是造成膝关节韧带损伤率性别差异的原因。
Background: Many authors have speculated that altered neuromuscular control and strength of the lower extremity are responsible for the gender disparity in knee ligament injury rates.Hypothesis: Significant increases in normalized quadriceps and hamstrings strength and limb symmetry on single-legged hop test occur with age. No gender differences in strength occur until age 14 years, after which boys generate greater peak torques than do girls. Age and gender do not influence lower limb alignment on a drop-jump test.Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.Methods: We studied the effects of age and gender in 1140 athletes, 9 to 17 years old, on muscle strength and neuromuscular control during functional activities. Isokinetic quadriceps and hamstrings strength was measured at 300 deg/s. Limb symmetry was assessed with single-legged hop tests. A video drop-jump test determined lower limb alignment in the coronal plane.Results: Extension peak torques significantly increased with age; maximum strength was noted in girls at age 13 years and in boys at age 14 years (P < .001). Although maximum flexion strength occurred in boys at age 14 years (P < .001), girls had only slight increases from ages 9 to 11 years (P = not significant). Boys aged 14 to 17 years had significantly greater normalized isokinetic strength than did age-matched girls. No age or gender effects existed in limb alignment on the drop-jump test or limb symmetry on single-legged hop testing.Conclusion: Maximum hamstrings strength was noted in female athletes by age 11 years, compared with age 14 years in male athletes, and a distinct lower limb valgus alignment existed in the majority of all athletes on landing. The absence of a gender difference in lower limb alignment on landing suggests other factors may be responsible for the gender disparity in knee ligament injury rates.