Population genomics of the Anthropocene: urbanization is negatively associated with genome-wide variation in white-footed mouse populations.
Population genomics of the Anthropocene: urbanization is negatively associated with genome-wide variation in white-footed mouse populations.
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DOI：
10.1111/eva.12357
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Harris SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Munshi-South J;Zolnik CP;Harris SE
城市化导致普遍的栖息地碎片化，并通过瓶颈和漂移减少现有的遗传变异。全基因组变异的丧失可能最终降低经历快速变化条件的动物种群的进化潜力。在这项研究中，我们研究了23个白足小鼠(Permyscus Leucopus)种群的全基因组变异，这些种群沿着纽约市大都市区的城市化梯度进行采样。使用ddRAD-Seq产生的10,000多个单核苷酸多态(SNP)标记，估计全基因组变异作为进化潜力的替代。我们发现，全基因组范围的变化与城市化成反比，以不透水地表覆盖率衡量，在较小程度上，与人口密度成反比。我们还报告，城市化导致城市人口之间的全基因组分化增强。这些种群之间没有距离隔离的模式，但基于不透水表面的抗性隔离模型显著解释了遗传分化的模式。通过环境模型的隔离也表明，城市人口比郊区或农村人口更强烈地偏离全球等位基因频率。这项研究首次考察了全基因组SNP变异沿城乡梯度的丧失，并量化了城市化作为人口基因组模式的驱动因素。
Urbanization results in pervasive habitat fragmentation and reduces standing genetic variation through bottlenecks and drift. Loss of genomewide variation may ultimately reduce the evolutionary potential of animal populations experiencing rapidly changing conditions. In this study, we examined genomewide variation among 23 white‐footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) populations sampled along an urbanization gradient in the New York City metropolitan area. Genomewide variation was estimated as a proxy for evolutionary potential using more than 10 000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated by ddRAD‐Seq. We found that genomewide variation is inversely related to urbanization as measured by percent impervious surface cover, and to a lesser extent, human population density. We also report that urbanization results in enhanced genomewide differentiation between populations in cities. There was no pattern of isolation by distance among these populations, but an isolation by resistance model based on impervious surface significantly explained patterns of genetic differentiation. Isolation by environment modeling also indicated that urban populations deviate much more strongly from global allele frequencies than suburban or rural populations. This study is the first to examine loss of genomewide SNP variation along an urban‐to‐rural gradient and quantify urbanization as a driver of population genomic patterns.