Low-level lead exposure in the prenatal and early preschool periods: language development.
Low-level lead exposure in the prenatal and early preschool periods: language development.
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产前和学前早期的低水平铅暴露：语言发育。
DOI：
10.1080/00039896.1990.10118753
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Greene,T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ernhart,CB;Greene,T
将低水平铅暴露与儿童发育联系起来的研究报告结果仍然不一致。产前暴露和学龄前暴露都存在这种不一致性。大多数报告中的主要结局指标是认知发展指数，包括智商。语言技能可能特别容易受到有害的侮辱。事实上，2岁是接触的高峰期，也是语言快速发展的时期，这表明这可能是这种影响的关键时期。产前后期和婴儿早期，此时神经系统正在迅速发育，也可能是关键的暴露期。我们研究了母亲和脐带血铅（PbB）在出生时和静脉PbB在6个月，2年，3年的语言措施，在1，2，3岁的关系。抽样对象是处境不利的城市儿童。多变量分析显示，无论是产前铅或早期学龄前铅与语言的措施后，控制辅助因素没有统计学意义的关系。补充偏相关分析显示，脐带血铅和平均话语长度（MLU），这描述了一个孩子的能力，形成有意义的单词组合的边缘关系。由于该分析是具有正负回归系数的大量分析之一，因此考虑了这是偶然效应的可能性。如果低水平的铅暴露对语言发育有影响，这种影响并不强烈。
Inconsistent results continue to be reported from studies linking low-level lead exposure and child development. This inconsistency is seen for both prenatal exposure and exposure in the preschool years. The primary outcome measures in most reports are indices of cognitive development, including IQ. Verbal skills may be particularly vulnerable to toxic insult. The fact that 2 y of age is both a time of peak exposure and also a time of rapid language development suggests that this may be a critical period for such an effect. The later prenatal and early infancy period, at which time the nervous system is developing rapidly, may also be a critical exposure period. We examined the relationship of maternal and cord blood lead (PbB) at birth and venous PbB at 6 mo, 2 y, and 3 y with language measures at 1, 2, and 3 y of age. The sample consisted of disadvantaged urban children. Multivariate analyses revealed no statistically significant relationship of either prenatal PbB or early preschool PbB with language measures after control of cofactors. Supplementary partial correlations revealed a marginal relationship of cord PbB and mean length of utterance (MLU), which describes a child's ability to form meaningful word combinations. Because this analysis was one of a large number of analyses with both positive and negative regression coefficients, the possibility that this was a chance effect was considered. If there is an effect of low-level lead exposure on language development, that effect is not robust.