Bilingualism and the executive function trade-off: A latent variable examination of behavioral and event-related brain potentials.
Bilingualism and the executive function trade-off: A latent variable examination of behavioral and event-related brain potentials.
复制标题
双语和执行功能权衡：行为和事件相关大脑电位的潜在变量检查。
DOI：
10.1037/xlm0001186
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Morales, Maria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernandez, Mercedes;Banks, Jonathan B.;Gestido, Samantha;Morales, Maria
双语对抑制、转移和更新等执行功能结构的影响仍不清楚，之前的研究结果得出了不一致的结果。人们对缺乏一致性提出了几种解释，包括对观察变量的依赖、测试模式对性能的影响以及检查环境中双语言密度的需要。为了解决这些问题，本研究使用潜在变量方法检查了一大群单语（n = 109）和双语（n = 152）大学生在抑制、转移和更新的非语言行为和神经测量方面的差异。我们通过以听觉和视觉方式呈现每项任务来研究测试方式的影响。此外，我们还研究了日常生活中语言平衡和语言转换对执行功能测量的影响。结果显示，双语者的神经消耗更大（即，ERP 幅度更高），并且在评估反应抑制和转移能力的任务中表现较差。此外，尽管记忆更新的神经标记没有揭示群体差异，但单语者的表现更强。这些发现在各种测试方式中都是一致的。最后，语言平衡比语言转换频率更能预测行为和神经测量。我们的研究结果强调了检查潜在水平差异和探索语言平衡影响的重要性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）
The impact of bilingualism on the executive functioning constructs of inhibition, shifting, and updating remains unclear, with prior findings yielding inconsistent results. Several explanations for the lack of congruency have been suggested, including the dependence on observed variables, the impact of test modality on performance, and the need to examine the density of dual languages in the environment. To address these concerns, the current study examined differences between a large group of monolingual (n= 109) and bilingual (n= 152) college students on nonlinguistic behavioral and neural measures of inhibition, shifting, and updating using a latent variable approach. We investigated the impact of test modality by presenting each task in the auditory and visual modalities. Additionally, we examined the effects of language balance and language switching in daily life on the measures of executive functioning. Results revealed greater neural expenditure (ie, higher ERP amplitude) and weaker performance on tasks assessing response inhibition and shifting abilities in bilinguals. Further, although a neural marker of memory updating did not reveal group differences, performance was stronger in monolinguals. These findings were consistent across test modality. Last, language balance was a stronger predictor of behavioral and neural measures than language switching frequency. Our findings highlight the importance of examining differences at the latent level and exploring the influence of linguistic balance.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)