Satellite soil moisture observations predict burned area in Southeast Asian peatlands
Satellite soil moisture observations predict burned area in Southeast Asian peatlands
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/ab3891
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Konings, Alexandra G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dadap, Nathan C.;Cobb, Alexander R.;Konings, Alexandra G.
在东南亚热带泥炭地，释放大量二氧化碳和颗粒物的大火现在经常燃烧。东南亚的天然泥炭地一年中的大部分时间都是淹水的，几乎没有火灾，但为农业修建的运河网络已经排干了这些泥炭地的大片土地，使土壤在降雨量较少的时候容易起火。虽然土壤湿度是衡量泥炭可燃性的最直接指标，但由于缺乏地区性观测，它没有被纳入火灾研究。在这里，我们创建了第一个针对苏门答腊岛、婆罗洲和马来西亚半岛的热带泥炭地的遥感土壤湿度数据集，方法是将一种新的反演算法应用于土壤湿度主动被动(SMAP)任务的卫星数据，其中包含2015年厄尔尼诺燃烧事件的数据。火灾发生前30天内土壤干燥与较大的烧伤面积相关。土壤湿度提供的预报信息与降水量的预报信息相辅相成。我们的遥感结果反映了基于实验室的泥炭点火研究的结果，表明火对泥炭地土壤湿度的依赖表现出尺度上的独立性。从SMAP测量的土壤湿度是一个跨越2015年至今的数据集，对于泥炭火灾研究和预警系统来说是一个宝贵的资源。
Fires that emit massive amounts of CO2 and particulate matter now burn with regularity in Southeast Asian tropical peatlands. Natural peatlands in Southeast Asia are waterlogged for most of the year and experience little or no fire, but networks of canals constructed for agriculture have drained vast areas of these peatlands, making the soil vulnerable to fire during periods of low rainfall. While soil moisture is the most direct measure of peat flammability, it has not been incorporated into fire studies due to an absence of regional observations. Here, we create the first remotely sensed soil moisture dataset for tropical peatlands in Sumatra, Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia by applying a new retrieval algorithm to satellite data from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission with data spanning the 2015 El Nino burning event. Drier soil up to 30 days prior to fire correlates with larger burned area. The predictive information provided by soil moisture complements that of precipitation. Our remote sensing-derived results mirror those from a laboratory-based peat ignition study, suggesting that the dependence of fire on soil moisture exhibits scale independence within peatlands. Soil moisture measured from SMAP, a dataset spanning 2015-present, is a valuable resource for peat fire studies and warning systems.