Air pollution and lung function in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey
Air pollution and lung function in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/dyn136
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Kuenzli, Nino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gotschi, Thomas;Sunyer, Jordi;Kuenzli, Nino
背景 此前尚未对欧洲跨国成年人群进行长期空气污染与肺功能之间的关联研究。本研究的目的是确定长期城市背景空气污染与肺功能水平以及欧洲成年人肺功能变化之间的关系。方法对来自 21 个欧洲中心的成年人（随访样本 5610）在基线和 9 年随访后评估 1 秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）及其比值（FEV1/FVC）。 2000/2001 年使用中央监测仪测量了细颗粒物 (PM2.5)。结果 尽管有足够的统计能力，但未发现特定城市的年平均 PM2.5 与平均肺功能水平之间存在显着关联。研究结果也不支持对肺功能变化的影响，尽管统计功效不足以显着检测到这种关联。 结论 无法拒绝零假设可能反映出（i）城市空气污染对肺功能没有影响或（ii）由于研究设计而存在固有偏差。后者的例子包括缺乏个人层面的空气质量分配，没有量化城市内交通相关污染的对比，或者研究人群及其城市环境的异质性。未来关于空气污染对肺功能的长期影响的研究可以通过描述个人水平的暴露特征、捕捉当地来源（特别是交通）造成的对比来提高统计能力，并减少潜在的错误分类和混淆。
Background The association of long-term air pollution and lung function has not been studied across adult European multi-national populations before. The aim of this study was to determine the association between long-term urban background air pollution and lung function levels, as well as change in lung function among European adults.Methods Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and the ratio thereof (FEV1/FVC) were assessed at baseline and after 9 years of follow-up in adults from 21 European centres (followed-up sample 5610). Fine particles (PM2.5) were measured in 2000/2001 using central monitors.Results Despite sufficient statistical power no significant associations were found between city-specific annual mean PM2.5 and average lung function levels. The findings also do not support an effect on change in lung function, albeit statistical power was insufficient to significantly detect such an association.Conclusions The inability to refuse the null hypothesis may reflect (i) no effect of urban air pollution on lung function or (ii) inherent biases due to the study design. Examples of the latter are lack of individual-level air quality assignment, not quantified within-city contrasts in traffic-related pollution, or the heterogeneity of the studied populations and their urban environments. Future studies on long-term effects of air pollution on lung function could increase statistical power and reduce potential misclassification and confounding by characterizing exposure on the level of individuals, capturing contrasts due to local sources, in particular traffic.