Active faulting and cenozoic tectonics of the Tien Shan, Mongolia, and Baykal Regions
Active faulting and cenozoic tectonics of the Tien Shan, Mongolia, and Baykal Regions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1029/jb084ib07p03425
复制
发表时间：
1979-07
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Tapponnier;P. Molnar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Tapponnier;P. Molnar
我们基于对Landsat图像的解释，对中亚的主动构造进行了研究，并补充了已发表的现场观测和地震数据。反向断层占主导地位的tien shan构造，但与西北显着趋势右侧横向滑动断层系统有关。两种类型的断层都意味着大约南北的最大压力应力。阿尔泰和蒙古南部的主动构造受到大刻与偶联的撞击断层的控制。左侧在东西方飞机上，向北西北飞机右侧。这意味着最大压缩应力大约是东北西部的。更北部，罢工滑移断层在Baykal Rift系统中主要是正常断层。我们将所有主动断层解释为是由欧亚大陆次大陆渗透而导致的地壳横向位移的结果。我们还解释了南部和西部的推力断层和高海拔高度的逐渐变化，从北部和东部的正常断层和较低的平均海拔高度变化，以反映平均压力状态的平稳变化。这表明，与少数刚性块的相对运动相比，连续体的变形更好地描述了亚洲复杂的注肠内变形的细节。尤其是在东北的内大陆裂缝，可能是由于与刚性模具缩进的有限塑料材料中通常发生的二次张力相似的应力状态。
We present a study of the active tectonics of central Asia based on an interpretation of Landsat imagery and supplemented with published field observations and seismic data. Reverse faulting dominates the tectonics of the Tien Shan but is associated with prominent northwest trending right lateral strike slip fault systems. Both types of faulting imply approximately north-south maximum compressive stress. The active tectonics of the Altai and of southern Mongolia are controlled by largescale conjugate strike slip faulting; left lateral on east-west planes and right lateral on north-northwest planes. This implies that the maximum compressive stress is oriented approximately northeast-southwest. Farther north, strike slip faulting gives way to predominantly normal faulting in the Baykal rift system. We interpret all of the active faulting to be a consequence of lateral displacements of the crust caused by the penetration of the Indian subcontinent of Eurasia. We also interpret the gradual change from thrust faulting and high altitudes in the south and west to normal faulting and lower mean elevations in the north and east to reflect a smooth change in the average state of stress. This suggests that the details of the complex intracontinental deformation in Asia are better described by the deformation of a continuum than by the relative motion of a small number of rigid blocks. Intracontinental rifting in the northeast, in particular, may result from a state of stress analogous to the secondary tension that commonly arises within bounded plastic materials indented by a rigid die.