Parent strategies for expanding food variety: Reflections of 19,239 adults with symptoms of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.
Parent strategies for expanding food variety: Reflections of 19,239 adults with symptoms of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.
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DOI：
10.1002/eat.23639
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发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zucker N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim YK;Di Martino JM;Nicholas J;Rivera-Cancel A;Wildes JE;Marcus MD;Sapiro G;Zucker N
通过对患有回避/限制性食物摄入障碍（ARFID）症状的成年人的童年饮食经历的反思，描述有益的父母喂养策略。我们探索了一个独特的基于文本的数据集，该数据集从N=19，239个自我识别的成年“挑食者”中收集。样本包括有ARFID症状的成年人，这些症状表现为心理社会功能明显受到干扰、体重减轻/持续低体重和/或营养缺乏（可能是ARFID），以及非ARFID参与者。我们利用最先进的自然语言处理（NLP）方法对被认为有帮助或没有帮助的喂养策略进行分类。最好的分类区分有用的方法进行了进一步分析，根据扎根理论的方法使用定性编码。NLP可靠，准确地分类的照顾者的喂养策略（82%）的感知帮助，并提供有关功能的有用的父母策略，使用不同程度的食物回避的成年人的回忆信息。被认为是有力的战略被认为是没有帮助的。积极和鼓励的策略被认为有助于改善对食物的态度，并最大限度地减少饮食周围的社会不适。虽然食物种类有所改善，但成年人仍然在一定程度上避免/限制。成年人认为，积极的父母喂养策略是有帮助的，即使他们继续经历一定程度的食物回避。在食物周围创造一个积极的情感环境，与他人一起吃饭，可能有助于消除心理障碍，并增加那些严重回避食物的人的食物方法。然而，需要更多的工具来优化父母的策略，提高个人的能力，以纳入避免的食物和科普具有挑战性的饮食情况。
To characterize helpful parent feeding strategies using reflections on childhood eating experiences of adults with symptoms of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID). We explored a unique text-based dataset gathered from a population of N=19, 239 self-identified adult “picky eaters.” The sample included adults with symptoms of ARFID as evidenced by marked interference in psychosocial functioning, weight loss/sustained low weight, and/or nutritional deficiency (likely ARFID), and non-ARFID participants. We leveraged state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods to classify feeding strategies that were perceived as helpful or not helpful. The best classifiers that distinguished helpful approaches were further analyzed using qualitative coding according to a grounded theory approach. NLP reliably and accurately classified the perceived helpfulness of caregivers’ feeding strategies (82%) and provided information about features of helpful parent strategies using recollections of adults with varying degrees of food avoidance. Strategies perceived as forceful were regarded as not helpful. Positive and encouraging strategies were perceived as helpful in improving attitudes towards food and minimizing social discomfort around eating. Although food variety improved, adults still struggled with a degree of avoidance/restriction. Adults perceived that positive parent feeding strategies were helpful even though they continued to experience some degree of food avoidance. Creating a positive emotional context surrounding food and eating with others may help to eliminate psychosocial impairment and increase food approach in those with severe food avoidance. Nevertheless, additional tools to optimize parent strategies and improve individuals’ capacity to incorporate avoided foods and cope with challenging eating situations are needed.
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