Establishing gene function by mutagenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Establishing gene function by mutagenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-313x.2004.02149.x
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Yanofsky, MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ostergaard, L;Yanofsky, MF
几年前，拟南芥的核基因组测序接近完成，未来的挑战是理解它的意义和识别它的潜力。到底有多少基因？它们是什么？他们做什么？计算机算法结合基因组阵列技术已经证明在解决前两个问题方面是有效的，如最近的报告（Yamada等人，2003）所示。然而，评估每个细胞中每个基因的功能需要对每个基因突变引起的表型进行多年的仔细分析。目前在产生大量的分子标记和近饱和插入突变体集合的进展极大地促进了功能基因组学，在拟南芥的研究。在这篇综述中，我们专注于如何通过正向或反向遗传学的突变体分析基因功能可以揭示。这些突变体通常分为两类。第一类通常包括源自化学或快中子诱变的点突变或小缺失，而第二类包括转移DNA或转座子元件的插入。我们描述了目前用于识别与这些突变对应的基因的方法，然后可以将其用作探针以进一步剖析其功能。
The nuclear genome of Arabidopsis thaliana was sequenced to near completion a few years ago, and ahead lies the challenge of understanding its meaning and discerning its potential. How many genes are there? What are they? What do they do? Computer algorithms combined with genome array technologies have proven efficient in addressing the first two questions as shown in a recent report (Yamada et aL, 2003). However, assessing the function of every gene in every cell will require years of careful analyses of the phenotypes caused by mutations in each gene. Current progress in generating large numbers of molecular markers and near-saturation insertion mutant collections has immensely facilitated functional genomics; studies in Arabidopsis. In this review, we focus on how gene function can be revealed through the analysis of mutants by either forward or reverse genetics. These mutants generally fall into two distinct classes. The first class typically includes point mutations or small deletions derived from chemical or fast neutron mutagenesis whereas the second class includes insertions of transferred-DNA or transposon elements. We describe the current methods that are used to identify the gene corresponding to these mutations, which can then be used as a probe to further dissect its function.