Fault tree analysis of bridge failure due to scour and channel instability
Fault tree analysis of bridge failure due to scour and channel instability
复制标题
冲刷和河道失稳导致桥梁破坏的故障树分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Johnson
故障树分析是一种分析导致不良事件的系统方法。故障树可用于评估系统（或顶级事件）的故障概率，比较设计方案，识别对顶级事件发生有重大贡献的关键事件，并确定顶级事件的故障概率对各种基本事件的敏感性。本文采用故障树分析法来确定冲刷和其他地貌通道不稳定导致桥梁破坏的概率。这种分析允许对一个非常复杂的相互作用和过程的系统进行检查，而这些系统还没有得到很好的理解。对于故障树分析，对冲刷和渠道不稳定的实际过程的了解最少。本文提供了三个实际桥梁的分析实例，展示了桥台和桥墩的冲刷（局部和收缩）和地貌不稳定性（河道加宽和退化）的不同组合。在桥台放置的抛石也包括在分析范围内。
Fault tree analysis is a systematic method of analyzing events that lead to an undesirable event. Fault trees can be used to assess the probability of failure of a system (or top event), to compare design alternatives, to identify critical events that will significantly contribute to the occurrence of the top event, and to determine the sensitivity of the probability of failure of the top event to various contributions of basic events. In this paper, fault tree analysis is used to determine the probability of failure of a bridge caused by scour and other geomorphic channel instabilities. This analysis permits an examination of a very complex system of interactions and processes that are not well understood. Minimal knowledge regarding the actual processes of scour and channel instability is required for a fault tree analysis. Three examples of analyses for actual bridges are provided showing different combinations of scour (local and contraction) and geomorphic instabilities (channel widening and degradation) at both the abutments and piers. Riprap placed at the abutments for protection is also included in the analyses.