A spatially resolved estimate of High Mountain Asia glacier mass balances, 2000-2016.
A spatially resolved estimate of High Mountain Asia glacier mass balances, 2000-2016.
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DOI：
10.1038/ngeo2999
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发表时间：
2017-09
影响因子：
18.3
通讯作者：
Treichler D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brun F;Berthier E;Wagnon P;Kääb A;Treichler D
亚洲高山地区是除极地地区外最大的冰川集中地。这些冰川是世界上人口最多的地区之一的河流的重要贡献者。过去的研究使用的方法只能提供区域平均的冰川质量平衡来评估亚洲高山冰川对河流和海平面上升的贡献。本文利用卫星立体影像衍生的数字高程模型时间序列，计算了亚洲高山约92%冰川覆盖区域的物质平衡。我们计算出2000年至2016年间，整个区域的平均质量平衡为-16.3±3.5 Gt年-1(-0.18±0.04 m w.e.年-1)，这比之前的大多数估计都要小。区域范围内的冰川质量平衡变化范围为-4.0±1.5 Gt年-1（-0.62±0.23 m w.e.年-1）至昆仑冰川的+1.4±0.8 Gt年-1(+0.14±0.08 m w.e.年-1)，区域内个体冰川质量平衡变化较大（区域内标准差约0.20 m w.e.年-1）。具体而言，我们的研究结果揭示了在文献中存在矛盾估计的宁青坦格尔冰川和帕米尔冰川质量变化。它们为用于预测未来冰川对气候变化的响应的模式的校准提供了关键信息，这些模式目前不能捕捉到亚洲高山冰川变化的模式、幅度和区域内变率。
High Mountain Asia hosts the largest glacier concentration outside the polar regions. These glaciers are important contributors to streamflow in one of the most populated areas of the world. Past studies have used methods that can only provide regionally-averaged glacier mass balances to assess the High Mountain Asia glacier contribution to rivers and sea level rise. Here we compute the mass balance for about 92 % of the glacierized area of High Mountain Asia using time series of digital elevation models derived from satellite stereo-imagery. We calculate an average region-wide mass balance of -16.3 ± 3.5 Gt yr-1 (-0.18 ± 0.04 m w.e. yr-1) between 2000 and 2016, which is less negative than most previous estimates. Region-wide mass balances vary from -4.0 ± 1.5 Gt yr-1 (-0.62 ± 0.23 m w.e. yr-1) in Nyainqentanglha to +1.4 ± 0.8 Gt yr-1 (+0.14 ± 0.08 m w.e. yr-1) in Kunlun, with large intra-regional variability of individual glacier mass balances (standard deviation within a region ˜0.20 m w.e. yr-1). Specifically, our results shed light on the Nyainqentanglha and Pamir glacier mass changes, for which contradictory estimates exist in the literature. They provide crucial information for the calibration of the models used for projections of future glacier response to climatic changes, models that presently do not capture the pattern, magnitude and intra-regional variability of glacier changes in High Mountain Asia.