SURVIVING CANCER
SURVIVING CANCER
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DOI：
10.1002/1097-0142(19940815)74:4
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发表时间：
1994-08-15
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
ANDERSEN, BL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ANDERSEN, BL
癌症幸存者的生活质量结果的研究趋势进行了讨论。流行病学数据表明，女性癌症幸存者，主要来自妇科，乳腺癌和结直肠癌患者群体，将超过男性幸存者3比1。男性幸存者将来自结直肠癌和其他消化系统肿瘤（如胃癌）、前列腺癌和膀胱癌患者群体。除乳腺癌外，几乎没有对癌症幸存者进行对照良好的描述性纵向研究，尤其缺乏关于男性的数据。提出了一种确定癌症幸存者心理发病率风险水平差异的策略。其他重要的心理个体差异变量被确定为：控制，乐观，稳定的应对策略可能是有用的心理健康结果的预测;健康行为的预测的积极性;和性自我图式的预测性结果。最后，数据表明，心理和行为结果可以通过心理干预得到改善，但如果加入健康行为成分，可能会取得更大的收益。新的研究方向包括研究个体差异、检查多方面干预措施的积极组成部分以及研究干预措施的健康后果。在后者方面，压力和癌症的生物行为模型提供了整合心理，行为，生物和疾病因素到可测试的新的研究方向。
Research trends on quality of life outcomes for cancer survivors are discussed. Epidemiologic data indicate that female cancer survivors, coming primarily from patient groups with gynecologic, breast, and colorectal cancers, will outnumber male survivors 3 to 1. Male survivors will come from the ranks of patient groups with colorectal and other digestive tumors (such as stomach cancer), prostate, and bladder cancers. With the exception of breast cancer, there have been few well controlled descriptive, longitudinal studies of cancer survivors, with data on men being notably absent. A strategy for identifying differential levels of risk for psychologic morbidity for cancer survivors is proposed. Other important psychologic individual difference variables were identified: control, optimism, and stable coping strategies may be useful in the prediction of mental health outcomes; conscientiousness in the prediction of health behaviors; and sexual self-schema in the prediction of sexual outcomes. Finally, data suggest that psychologic and behavioral outcomes can be improved with psychologic interventions, but it is likely that even greater gains could be achieved if health behavior components were added. New directions for research include study of individual differences, examination of active components of multifaceted interventions, and study of the health consequences of interventions. In the latter regard, a biobehavioral model of stress and cancer is offered to integrate psychologic, behavioral, biologic, and disease factors into testable new research directions.