Eosinophil ETosis and DNA Traps: a New Look at Eosinophilic Inflammation.
Eosinophil ETosis and DNA Traps: a New Look at Eosinophilic Inflammation.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11882-016-0634-5
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发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Weller PF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ueki S;Tokunaga T;Fujieda S;Honda K;Hirokawa M;Spencer LA;Weller PF
嗜酸性粒细胞作为终末期损伤细胞的传统范例主要依赖于它们释放细胞毒性蛋白。尽管在受影响的病变中观察到细胞溶解及其产物（即游离的细胞外颗粒）的发生，但细胞因子诱导的细胞存活和组织居住的嗜酸性粒细胞颗粒内容物的分泌被认为是嗜酸性粒细胞炎症性疾病的重要机制。最近的证据表明，活化的嗜酸性粒细胞可以表现出非凋亡细胞死亡途径，即介导嗜酸性粒细胞溶细胞脱颗粒的细胞外陷阱细胞死亡（ETosis）。在这里，我们讨论当前的嗜酸性粒细胞 ETosis 概念，它为嗜酸性粒细胞炎症提供了新的视角。嗜酸性慢性鼻窦炎的教训表明，ETosis 衍生的 DNA 陷阱由稳定的网状染色质组成，导致高粘性嗜酸性粘蛋白的特性及其清除受损。被 DNA 陷阱捕获的完整颗粒会引起长期炎症，但也可能具有免疫调节作用。嗜酸性粒细胞具有对先天免疫、局部免疫反应、无菌炎症和组织损伤产生死后影响的方式。
The traditional paradigm of eosinophils as end-stage damaging cells has mainly relied on their release of cytotoxic proteins. Cytokine-induced cell survival and secretion of granular contents from tissue-dwelling eosinophil are thought to be important mechanisms for eosinophilic inflammatory disorders, although the occurrence of cytolysis and its products (i.e., free extracellular granules) has been observed in affected lesions. Recent evidence indicates that activated eosinophils can exhibit a non-apoptotic cell death pathway, namely extracellular trap cell death (ETosis) that mediates the eosinophil cytolytic degranulation. Here, we discuss the current concept of eosinophil ETosis which provides a new look at eosinophilic inflammation. Lessons from eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis revealed that ETosis-derived DNA traps, composed of stable web-like chromatin, contribute to the properties of highly viscous eosinophilic mucin and impairments in its clearance. Intact granules entrapped in DNA traps are causing long-lasting inflammation but also might have immunoregulatory roles. Eosinophils possess a way to have post-postmortem impacts on innate immunity, local immune response, sterile inflammation, and tissue damage.