Harnessing microbiota to kill a pathogen: Fixing the microbiota to treat Clostridium difficile infections.
Harnessing microbiota to kill a pathogen: Fixing the microbiota to treat Clostridium difficile infections.
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DOI：
10.1038/nm.3492
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发表时间：
2014-03
期刊：
影响因子：
82.9
通讯作者：
Pamer EG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taur Y;Pamer EG
尽管存在多种抗生素，某些感染（例如由艰难梭菌引起的感染）的复发仍然是临床挑战。问题的根源是抗生素对肠道共生菌的功能和组成产生有害影响。解决C.由于艰难梭菌难以治疗和感染复发，科学家们正在尝试了解健康的微生物群如何阻止这种病原体，以确定起保护作用的微生物贡献者，并开发基于益生菌的有针对性的疗法。在《从床边到工作台》一书中，Ying Taur 和 Eric Pamer 讨论了粪便微生物移植 (FMT) 的潜力，并仔细研究了解释其功效的机制。胆汁盐的改变，与 C 的发芽有关。健康微生物群产生的艰难梭菌可能解释了为什么抗生素治疗后微生物组耗竭会导致病原体过度生长。在《从工作台到床边》一书中，露丝·雷 (Ruth Ley) 仔细阅读了一项最近的研究，该研究表明，抗生素治疗后肠道共生体释放的唾液酸增多，可能在促进 C 升高中发挥着至关重要的作用。艰难生长。通过FMT，或者更具体地说，使用可以在唾液酸方面战胜病原体的工程益生菌，使肠道中的病原体缺乏这种碳水化合物，可能会被证明可以有效治疗甚至预防C.艰难梭菌感染。
Despite the existence of numerous antibiotics, recurrence of certain infections, such as those caused byClostridium difficile, remains a clinical challenge. The root of the problem is the detrimental effect of antibiotics on the function and composition of intestinal commensals. To tackleC. difficilerefractoriness to treatment and infection recurrence, scientists are trying to understand how a healthy microbiota may keep this pathogen at bay to identify the microbial contributors of protection and to develop targeted probiotic-based therapies. In 'Bedside to Bench', Ying Taur and Eric Pamer discuss the potential of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and peruse mechanisms to explain its efficacy. Alteration of bile salts, which are involved in germination ofC. difficilespores, by the healthy microbiota may explain why microbiome depletion upon antibiotic treatment can lead to pathogen overgrowth. In 'Bench to Bedside', Ruth Ley peruses a recent study suggesting that sialic acids increasingly released by gut commensals after antibiotic treatment may play a crucial part in boostingC. difficilegrowth. Starving the pathogen of this carbohydrate in the gut by FMT or, more specifically, with engineered probiotics that can outcompete the pathogen for sialic acids may prove effective to treat or even preventC. difficileinfection.