What could have been said? Alternatives and variability in pragmatic inferences
What could have been said? Alternatives and variability in pragmatic inferences
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jml.2024.104507
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发表时间:
2024
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Xiang, Ming
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ronai, Eszter;Xiang, Ming
A recent influential experimental finding in pragmatics is that ofscalar diversity: that different lexical items vary robustly in how likely they are to lead to scalar inference. For instance, hearers are much more likely to strengthen the meaning ofsometosome but not allthan to infergood but not excellentfromgood. In this paper, we address the question of what underlies scalar diversity and identify two sources of uncertainty: uncertainty associated with the identity of relevant alternatives, and uncertainty associated with the step of excluding those alternatives. In our experiments, we make use of the Question Under Discussion to eliminate the former, and of the focus particleonlyto eliminate the latter kind of uncertainty. Our findings show that both manipulations make inference calculation more likely, but only when they are combined is scalar diversity reduced to a minimum. In order to quantitatively characterize the observed (reduction in) variation, this paper adopts the information theoretic measure of relative entropy.
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DOI:
10.3765/plsa.v6i1.5001
发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America
影响因子:
--
作者:
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DOI:
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发表时间:
2008
期刊:
Semantics and Linguistic Theory
影响因子:
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E. Pankratz;Bob van Tiel
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Bob van Tiel
DOI:
10.1037/xlm0001278
发表时间:
2023
期刊:
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子:
--
作者:
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通讯作者:
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影响因子:
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作者:
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通讯作者:
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