MASS-CULTURE OF GIANT CLAMS (F-TRIDACNIDAE) IN PALAU
MASS-CULTURE OF GIANT CLAMS (F-TRIDACNIDAE) IN PALAU
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DOI：
10.1016/0044-8486(84)90266-7
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
ORAK, O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HESLINGA, GA;PERRON, FE;ORAK, O
本文介绍了在帕劳海洋养殖示范中心，经过4年的发展，大规模养殖从卵到成熟的三趾蛤的方法。在六个情况下，每个4个月的饲养周期，每个罐生产5，000 - 10，000个5 mm的巨蛤种子。该过程依赖于自然产卵的蛤亲鱼，低幼虫放养密度，喂养与混合当地浮游植物，和postlarval文化在阳光照射的跑道。Bysate青少年饲养的玄武岩芯片基板Nestier托盘，并最终释放无保护的浅缘礁生长出商业size.Potential率的自养肉生产为1至3岁的Tridacna derasaare估计，并发现比较有利的值报告的集中管理，高度异养贻贝农场在欧洲。在自然界中释放的种子蛤的大小特定的死亡率的初步数据。物流空运种子蛤蜊和重新引入新的栖息地进行了讨论，根据我们的经验shippingTridacnajuvenlavers关岛，夏威夷，和美国大陆。我们重新审视早期的观点，tridacnids表现出季节性繁殖的“高峰”。数据显示T. gigasspawns与月球和昼夜周期在帕劳。我们的结论是，没有严重的生物技术的限制，将阻止商业或自给农业这些自养动物在印度西太平洋。
This article describes methods developed over a 4-year period at the Micronesian Mariculture Demonstration Center in Palau for mass culture of tridacnid clams from egg to maturity. Production of 5,000–10,000 5-mm giant clam seed per tank per 4-month rearing cycle has been achieved on six occasions. The process relies on natural spawning of clam broodstock, low larval stocking densities, feeding with mixed local phytoplankton, and postlarval culture in sunlit raceways. Byssate juveniles are reared on a basalt chip substrate in Nestier trays and are eventually released unprotected on shallow fringing reefs for grow-out to commercial size.Potential rates of autotrophic meat production for 1- to 3-year-oldTridacna derasaare estimated and found to compare favorably with values reported for intensively managed, highly heterotrophic mussel farms in Europe. Preliminary data on size-specific mortality rates are presented for seed clams released in nature. Logistics of air shipping seed clams and reintroduction to new habitats are discussed based on our experience shippingTridacnajuveniles to Guam, Hawaii, and the U.S. mainland. We reexamine earlier views that tridacnids exhibit seasonal breeding “peaks.” Data are presented showing thatT. gigasspawns with lunar and diel periodicity in Palau.We conclude that no serious biotechnical constraints would prevent commercial or subsistence farming of these autotrophic animals in the Indo-West Pacific.