Oldest ctenodactyloid tarsals from the Eocene of China and evolution of locomotor adaptations in early rodents.
Oldest ctenodactyloid tarsals from the Eocene of China and evolution of locomotor adaptations in early rodents.
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中国始新世最古老的栉手足跗骨和早期啮齿动物运动适应的进化
DOI：
10.1186/s12862-018-1259-1
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发表时间：
2018-10-04
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Ni X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fostowicz-Frelik Ł;Li Q;Ni X
Tamquammys被认为是中国始新世最早至中始新世（~ 56.0- 48.5Ma）的一种基底栉孔类啮齿动物。它是二连盆地分布最广、数量最多的啮齿动物属，也是该地区阿尔山地区小型哺乳动物区系中的优势种。本文首次描述了大菱鲆（Tamquammys robustus）和大菱鲆（T. wilsoni，并解释它对基础Euarchontoglires（啮齿动物，兔形动物，树，灵长类动物）的运动适应的背景。本文报道了壮淡水蛤和淡水蛤跗部分子的比较形态。wilsoni的骨骼显示出整体的细长，与一种多面手物种Rattus的跗骨成分以及小型岩松鼠（例如松鼠）的跗骨成分相似。这两个物种在其爬行能力略有不同;较小的T。威尔逊尼对攀爬有一定的适应性。跟骨和黄芪的主成分分析结果支持这一观察，并将T。robustus介于Rattus和地/岩松鼠形态空间之间，T. wilsoni更接近euarchontans，Tupaia和Purgatorius。在Tamquammys的跗骨元素的形态表明，没有特别的适应树栖的通才啮齿动物形态型。我们认为，Tamquammys作为一个基础cteophylacidid是更接近的祖先adjaculgalocalcaneal形态的啮齿动物比派生的北美paramyines相似的年龄。Tamquammys跗骨元素结构与Purgatorius（一种基础灵长类动物）的整体相似性可能表明Tamquammys的跗骨结构古老，而早期Euarchontoglires的足部结构通常是非特化的。本文的在线版本（10.1186/s12862-018-1259-1）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Tamquammys has been considered one of the basal ctenodactyloid rodents, which has been documented in the earliest to middle Eocene (~ 56.0–48.5 Ma) in China. It was the most abundant and widespread rodent genus in the Erlian Basin (Nei Mongol, China) and dominated Arshantan small-mammal faunas of that region. Here for the first time we describe the morphology of the astragalocalcaneal complex in Tamquammys robustus (larger) and T. wilsoni, and interpret it against the background of locomotor adaptations of basal Euarchontoglires (rodents, lagomorphs, tree shrews, and primates). The comparative morphology of the tarsal elements in Tamquammys robustus and T. wilsoni shows overall slenderness of the bones and their similarity to the tarsal elements of Rattus, a generalist species, and those of small rock squirrels (e.g. Sciurotamias). The two species differ slightly in their cursorial ability; smaller T. wilsoni shows some adaptations to climbing. The results of principal component analysis of the calcaneus and astragalus support this observation and place T. robustus in-between Rattus and ground/rock squirrel morphospace, and T. wilsoni closer to euarchontans, Tupaia and Purgatorius. The morphology of the tarsal elements in Tamquammys indicates a generalist rodent morphotype with no particular adaptations to arboreality. We suggest that Tamquammys as a basal ctenodactyloid is closer to the ancestral astragalocalcaneal morphology of rodents than that of more derived North American paramyines of similar age. Overall similarity in Tamquammys tarsal elements structure to Purgatorius, a basal primate, may point to the antiquity of the tarsal structure in Tamquammys and a generally unspecialized foot structure in early Euarchontoglires. The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-018-1259-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Bertrand, Ornella C.;Schillaci, Michael A.;Silcox, Mary T.
通讯作者：
Silcox, Mary T.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Ginot S;Hautier L;Marivaux L;Vianey-Liaud M
通讯作者：
Vianey-Liaud M
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
AVERIANOV, AO
通讯作者：
AVERIANOV, AO
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1421707112
发表时间：
2015-02-03
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Chester, Stephen G. B.;Bloch, Jonathan I.;Clemens, William A.
通讯作者：
Clemens, William A.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Fostowicz-Frelik Ł;Li C;Mao F;Meng J;Wang Y
通讯作者：
Wang Y