Multidimensional understanding of religiosity/spirituality: relationship to major depression and familial risk.
Multidimensional understanding of religiosity/spirituality: relationship to major depression and familial risk.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s0033291718003276
复制
发表时间：
2019-10
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Weissman MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McClintock CH;Anderson M;Svob C;Wickramaratne P;Neugebauer R;Miller L;Weissman MM
以前的研究已经前瞻性地表明，宗教信仰/灵性信仰可以预防抑郁症，但这些发现通常基于两个理由受到批评，即：(1)明显的宗教信仰/灵性信仰仅仅反映了最初没有抑郁或情绪高涨；(2)宗教信仰/灵性信仰太过频繁地被衡量为一个全球结构。目前的研究通过检查抑郁症的多维结构完整性来调查抑郁症与宗教/灵性之间的关系。验证性因素分析采用先前观察到的宗教信仰/灵性变量的跨文化因素结构，对独立样本、来自该样本的诊断和家庭风险亚组以及原始跨文化样本的亚样本进行验证性因素分析。对先前诊断为重度抑郁障碍(MDD)的5年前的线性回归进行了探讨，以评估先前抑郁的潜在减弱性影响。在家庭风险组和临床亚组中，每一个先前被验证的宗教/灵性领域都得到了确认，即：宗教/精神承诺、冥想实践、相互关联感、爱的体验和利他参与。以前的MDD诊断与高危个体中较低的宗教/精神承诺，低风险个体中较高的冥想，以及无论风险群体中宗教或精神信仰的重要性较低有关。在家族风险群体和诊断史中发现了宗教信仰/精神信仰的多维结构的结构完整性。先前诊断的MDD与不同领域的宗教/灵性水平之间的不同关联表明，抑郁症、家族风险和宗教/灵性之间存在复杂的互动关系。考虑到对宗教信仰/灵性的经验上有效的、多维的理解，可能会推动对宗教信仰/灵性与心理健康之间潜在关系的机制的研究。
Previous research has shown prospectively that religiosity/spirituality protects against depression, but these findings are commonly critiqued on two grounds, namely: (1) apparent religiosity/spirituality reflects merely an original absence of depression or elevated mood and (2) religiosity/spirituality too often is measured as a global construct. The current study investigates the relationship between depression and religiosity/spirituality by examining its multidimensional structural integrity. Confirmatory factor analyses with a previously observed cross-cultural factor structure of religiosity/spirituality variables were conducted on an independent sample, diagnostic and familial risk subgroups from this sample, and a subsample of the original cross-cultural sample. Linear regressions onto a previous diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) 5 years prior to assess the potential attenuating impact of a previous depression was explored. Across familial risk groups and clinical subgroups, each of the previously validated religiosity/spirituality domains was confirmed, namely: religious/spiritual commitment, contemplative practice, sense of interconnectedness, the experience of love, and altruistic engagement. Previous MDD diagnosis was associated with a lower religious/spiritual commitment among high-risk individuals, higher contemplation among low-risk individuals, and lower importance of religion or spirituality regardless of risk group. Structural integrity was found across familial risk groups and diagnostic history for a multidimensional structure of religiosity/spirituality. Differential associations between a previous diagnosis of MDD and level of religiosity/spirituality across domains suggest a complex and interactive relation between depression, familial risk, and religiosity/spirituality. Accounting for an empirically valid, multidimensional understanding of religiosity/spirituality may advance research on mechanisms underlying the relationship between religiosity/spirituality and mental health.