Temporal Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Colonization on Plastic Debris in the North Sea
Temporal Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Colonization on Plastic Debris in the North Sea
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.7b00697
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发表时间：
2017-07-04
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Ruttink, Tom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Tender, Caroline;Devriese, Lisa I.;Ruttink, Tom
尽管越来越多的证据表明，海洋环境中塑料碎片上的生物膜形成可能是其生物降解的关键，但其基本过程尚未得到充分了解。因此，到目前为止，细菌生物膜的形成仅在短期暴露或漂浮塑料上进行了研究，但大量塑料垃圾在海底积累。在这项研究中，我们探讨了细菌和真菌群落的分类组成的聚乙烯塑料片和推车绳在长期暴露在海底，无论是在港口和：近海位置在比利时的北海的一部分。我们重建了港口环境中塑料上生物膜形成过程中的事件序列，并确定了生物膜形成早期，中期和晚期阶段的核心细菌组和细菌指示物种的子集。此外，通过在塑料碎片上实施ITS2元条形码，我们首次鉴定和表征了塑料碎片上的真菌属。令人惊讶的是，暴露于近海条件下的塑料都没有显示出后期生物膜的典型特征，这表明在大多数塑料碎片积聚的自然环境中，生物膜的形成受到严重阻碍。[图片]
Despite growing evidence that biofilm formation on plastic debris in the marine environment may be essential for its biodegradation, the underlying processes have yet to be fully understood. Thus, far, bacterial biofilm formation had only been studied after short-term exposure or on floating plastic, yet a prominent share of plastic litter accumulates on the seafloor. In this study, we explored the taxonomic composition of bacterial and fungal communities on polyethylene plastic sheets and dolly ropes during longterm exposure on the seafloor, both at a harbor and an:offshore location in the Belgian part of the North Sea. We reconstructed the sequence of events during biofilin formation on plastic in the harbor environment and identified a core bacteriome and subsets of bacterial indicator species for early, intermediate, and late stages of biofilm formation. Additionally, by implementing ITS2 metabarcoding on plastic debris, we identified and characterized for the first time fungal genera on plastic debris. Surprisingly, none of the plastics exposed to offshore conditions displayed the typical signature of a late stage biofilm, suggesting that biofilm formation is severely hampered in the natural environment where most plastic debris accumulates.[GRAPHICS]