Loss rates of honey bee colonies during winter 2017/18 in 36 countries participating in the COLOSS survey, including effects of forage sources
Loss rates of honey bee colonies during winter 2017/18 in 36 countries participating in the COLOSS survey, including effects of forage sources
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DOI：
10.1080/00218839.2019.1615661
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发表时间：
2019-05-30
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Soroker, Victoria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gray, Alison;Brodschneider, Robert;Soroker, Victoria
这篇短文根据使用标准化 COLOSS 调查问卷收集的数据，介绍了 2017/18 年冬季 36 个国家（其中 33 个国家位于欧洲）的蜂群损失率。 25,363 名养蜂人提供的数据通过了一致性检查，总共有 544,879 个蜂群越冬，报告了 26,379 个（4.8%，95% CI 4.7-5.0%）蜂群存在无法解决的蜂王问题，54,525 个（10.0%，95% CI 9.8-10.2%）蜂群在越冬后死亡，另有 8,220 个蜂群死亡(1.5%, 95% CI 1.4-1.6%）因自然灾害而损失。这使得 2017/18 年冬季蜂群总体损失率为 16.4%（95% CI 16.1-16.6%），但各国之间的差异很大，从 2.0% 到 32.8%。所包含的地图显示了区域层面冬季损失的相对风险。使用总数据集的分析证实了早期调查的结果，即最多有 50 个蜂群的小型养蜂场比大型养蜂场遭受的损失明显更高 (p < .001)。迁移蜂群的养蜂人的损失明显低于不迁移的养蜂人 (p < .001)，这与之前的研究结果不同。对六种不同饲料来源作为群体损失潜在风险因素的评估表明，对这五种植物来源（果园、油菜、玉米、石南花和秋季饲料作物）中任何一种的密集采食与显着较高的冬季损失相关。这一发现需要进一步的研究和解释。其中的表格给出了损失率的详细结果以及测试的饲料来源对每个国家和总体的影响。
This short article presents loss rates of honey bee colonies over winter 2017/18 from 36 countries, including 33 in Europe, from data collected using the standardized COLOSS questionnaire. The 25,363 beekeepers supplying data passing consistency checks in total wintered 544,879 colonies, and reported 26,379 (4.8%, 95% CI 4.7-5.0%) colonies with unsolvable queen problems, 54,525 (10.0%, 95% CI 9.8-10.2%) dead colonies after winter and another 8,220 colonies (1.5%, 95% CI 1.4-1.6%) lost through natural disaster. This gave an overall loss rate of 16.4% (95% CI 16.1-16.6%) of honey bee colonies during winter 2017/18, but this varied greatly from 2.0 to 32.8% between countries. The included map shows relative risks of winter loss at regional level. The analysis using the total data-set confirmed findings from earlier surveys that smaller beekeeping operations with at most 50 colonies suffer significantly higher losses than larger operations (p < .001). Beekeepers migrating their colonies had significantly lower losses than those not migrating (p < .001), a different finding from previous research. Evaluation of six different forage sources as potential risk factors for colony loss indicated that intensive foraging on any of five of these plant sources (Orchards, Oilseed Rape, Maize, Heather and Autumn Forage Crops) was associated with significantly higher winter losses. This finding requires further study and explanation. A table is included giving detailed results of loss rates and the impact of the tested forage sources for each country and overall.