Patch-based survey methods for studying prehistoric human land-use in agriculturally modified landscapes: A case study from the Canal de Navarrés, eastern Spain

Patch-based survey methods for studying prehistoric human land-use in agriculturally modified landscapes: A case study from the Canal de Navarrés, eastern Spain
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用于研究农业改造景观中史前人类土地利用的基于斑块的调查方法:西班牙东部纳瓦拉斯运河的案例研究

DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2018.01.034
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Pardo-Gordó, Salvador
Pardo-Gordó, Salvador
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Snitker, Grant;Castillo, Agustín Diez;Barton, C. Michael;Aubán, Joan Bernabeu;Puchol, Oreto García;Pardo-Gordó, Salvador

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在地表被梯田和其他农业土地利用改变的景观中,使用传统的、以地点为导向的考古调查方法很难发现史前聚落的时空格局,特别是对于小规模社会。在这种情况下,能够在景观尺度上揭示职业模式而不需要精确定位人类职业的具体地点的方法可能特别有用。我们采用分层,随机选择的基于斑块的调查策略来检查从旧石器时代中期到钟烧杯(铜石器时代)时期的社会生态动态,在西班牙东部的纳瓦尔萨梅斯运河内。我们根据地形和植被群落的差异将研究区域划分为调查层,并随机选择划定的梯田作为数据收集块。所有调查数据都在现场使用平板电脑进行数字记录,创建了一个简化和更准确的工作流程,其中对文物,土壤,地面能见度和照片的观察是地理参考,并准备在GIS中进行分析。从采样斑块中估计的地表人工密度用于生成史前土地利用地图,经验贝叶斯方法使我们能够跟踪职业模式随时间的变化。对年代久远的石器文物的区域性参考收集提供了估算每个采样斑块中史前活动的可能性所需的“先验知识”。这种实地和分析方法的结合使研究农业改造景观中区域尺度的土地利用动态成为可能。
In landscapes whose surface has been modified by terracing and other agricultural land-use, the spatial and temporal patterning of prehistoric settlement can be difficult to detect using traditional, site-orientated archaeological survey methods, especially for small-scale societies. In these contexts, methods that can reveal occupational patterns at landscape scales, without the need to pinpoint specific sites of human occupation, can be especially useful. We employ a stratified, randomly selected patch-based survey strategy to examine socio-ecological dynamics from the Middle Paleolithic through Bell Beaker (Chalcolithic) periods within the Canal de Navarrés, eastern Spain. We divide the study region into survey strata according to differences in topography and vegetation communities and use a random selection of demarcated, terraced fields as data collection patches. All survey data is digitally recorded using tablets in the field, creating a streamlined and more accurate workflow, where observations of artifacts, soils, ground visibility, and photographs are georeferenced and ready for analysis in a GIS. Surface artifact densities, estimated from sampled patches, are used to generate prehistoric land-use maps and empirical Bayesian methods allow us to track shifts in occupational patterns through time. Regional reference collections of well-dated lithic artifacts provide the “prior knowledge” required to make estimates of the probability of prehistoric occupation in each sampled patch. This combination of field and analytical methods makes possible the study of regional-scale land-use dynamics in agriculturally modified landscapes.
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