Ion channels versus ion pumps: the principal difference, in principle.

Ion channels versus ion pumps: the principal difference, in principle.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrm2668
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发表时间:
2009-05
期刊:
Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology
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有两种边界卫士控制着离子穿过细胞膜的持续流动:离子通道和离子泵。当打开时,通道让选定的离子沿着电和浓度梯度快速扩散,而离子泵则通过消耗能量缓慢地移动离子来维持梯度。由于它们的任务截然相反且速度不同,通道和泵传统上被视为完全不同的实体,就像粉笔和奶酪一样。但有关这两类分子机器的新结构和机械信息对这种舒适的分离提出了挑战,迫使其重新评估。
Two kinds of border guards control the incessant traffic of ions across cell membranes: ion channels and ion pumps. When open, channels let selected ions diffuse rapidly down electrical and concentration gradients, whereas ion pumps labour tirelessly to maintain the gradients, by consuming energy to slowly move ions against them. Because of their diametrically opposed tasks and their divergent speeds, channels and pumps have traditionally been viewed as completely different entities, as alike as chalk and cheese. But new structural and mechanistic information about both classes of these molecular machines challenges this comfortable separation, forcing its reevaluation.
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