Neighborhood socioeconomic status and fruit and vegetable intake among whites, blacks, and Mexican Americans in the United States
Neighborhood socioeconomic status and fruit and vegetable intake among whites, blacks, and Mexican Americans in the United States
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/87.6.1883
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Escarce, Jose J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dubowitz, Tamara;Heron, Melonie;Escarce, Jose J.
背景：美国各地健康状况的社会经济和种族-民族差异很大且持续存在。黑人和西班牙裔人口的肥胖率上升速度快于白色人口，这预示着未来几年糖尿病和心血管疾病等慢性疾病的差距会更大。在这些人群中影响水果和蔬菜饮食摄入的因素只有部分了解。目的：我们研究了水果和蔬菜摄入量与社区社会经济地位（SES）之间的关联，分析了社区SES是否解释了摄入量的种族差异，并探讨了社区SES在多大程度上对美国成年人的种族-民族产生了差异性影响。设计：使用来自第三次全国健康和营养检查调查的地理编码住宅地址，我们将个人层面的数据与县和人口普查区层面的美国人口普查数据合并。我们估计3级层次模型预测水果和蔬菜的摄入量与个人特点和邻里SES的指数作为explanatory variables.Results：邻里SES与水果和蔬菜的摄入量呈正相关：1 SD增加邻里SES指数与消费近2额外的水果和蔬菜每周。邻里SES解释了一些在水果和蔬菜的摄入量和差异与水果和蔬菜的摄入量之间的白人，黑人，和墨西哥American.Conclusions：社区SES与水果和蔬菜的摄入量的正相关是一个重要的途径，通过社区的社会环境影响人口健康和营养的白人，黑人，和西班牙裔美国人。
Background: Socioeconomic and racial-ethnic disparities in health status across the United States are large and persistent. Obesity rates are rising faster in black and Hispanic populations than in white populations, and they foreshadow even greater disparities in chronic illnesses such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease in years to come. Factors that influence dietary intake of fruit and vegetables in these populations are only partly understood.Objectives: We examined associations between fruit and vegetable intake and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES), analyzed whether neighborhood SES explains racial differences in intake, and explored the extent to which neighborhood SES has differential effects by race-ethnicity of US adults.Design: Using geocoded residential addresses from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we merged individual-level data with county and census tract-level US Census data. We estimated 3-level hierarchical models predicting fruit and vegetable intake with individual characteristics and an index of neighborhood SES as explanatory variables.Results: Neighborhood SES was positively associated with fruit and vegetable intake: a 1-SD increase in the neighborhood SES index was associated with consumption of nearly 2 additional servings of fruit and vegetables per week. Neighborhood SES explained some of the black-white disparity in fruit and vegetable intake and was differentially associated with fruit and vegetable intake among whites, blacks, and Mexican Americans.Conclusions: The positive association of neighborhood SES with fruit and vegetable intake is one important pathway through which the social environment of neighborhoods affects population health and nutrition for whites, blacks, and Hispanics in the United States.