The Internet and other ICTs as tools and catalysts for sustainable development: innovation for 21st century
The Internet and other ICTs as tools and catalysts for sustainable development: innovation for 21st century
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互联网和其他信息通信技术作为可持续发展的工具和催化剂：21世纪的创新
DOI：
10.1177/0266666912465742
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Joshua M. Pearce
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ivana Zelenika;Joshua M. Pearce
在可持续技术发展面临的许多问题中，分散和不协调的研究以及技术知识与需要者之间的沟通和合作不足，在许多失败和拖延的项目中发挥了重要作用。然而，互联网及其多方面的平台为这些问题提供了潜在的解决方案。本文件探讨了互联网及其他信息和通信技术（信通技术）如何能够改善可持续发展努力的关键缺陷。具体而言，开放源码的适当技术（OSAT）和通过合作创新的战略进行审查。OSAT的方法是检查i）通过建立和共享知识，ii）提高协作和iii）提高许多方案和项目的效率和有效性，加速创新。四个OSAT案例研究是为处于可持续发展开放合作技术前沿的组织提供的：i）实际行动，ii）Kopernik，iii）变革工程，iv）Appropedia基金会。这些组织所采用的主要特点，模型和方法进行了讨论，并得出结论，从这些案例研究，以提供洞察力，更好地指导这种新的创新战略的发展。
Among the many issues facing sustainable technological development, dispersed and un-coordinated research, as well as poor communication and collaboration of technological knowledge to those that need it, play a major role in many failed and delayed projects. However, the Internet and its multifaceted platforms provide a potential solution to these problems. This paper examines the ways in which the Internet and other information and communication technologies (ICTs) can improve critical shortcomings to sustainable development efforts. Specifically, the strategies of open source appropriate technology (OSAT) and innovation through collaboration are reviewed. The methods are examined by which OSAT is i) accelerating innovation by building and sharing knowledge, ii) improving collaboration and iii) increasing both the efficiency and effectiveness of many programs and projects. Four OSAT case studies are presented for organizations at the forefront of open collaborative technologies for sustainable development: i) Practical Action, ii) Kopernik, iii) Engineering for Change, and iv) The Appropedia Foundation. The key features, models and the approaches employed by these organizations are discussed and conclusions are drawn from these case studies to contribute insight and better guide the development of this new innovation strategy.