Biomaterials for nanoparticle vaccine delivery systems.

Biomaterials for nanoparticle vaccine delivery systems.
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用于纳米颗粒疫苗输送系统的生物材料。

DOI:
10.1007/s11095-014-1419-y
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发表时间:
2014-10
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Moon, James J.
Moon, James J.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sahdev, Preety;Ochyl, Lukasz J.;Moon, James J.

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与减毒疫苗或灭活疫苗相比,亚单位疫苗的安全性更高,但其引发持久、协调的细胞和体液免疫反应的能力有限,这是一个主要挑战。最近的研究表明,由于材料固有的免疫刺激特性或分子佐剂(如toll样受体激动剂)的共同包裹,通过纳米颗粒配方递送抗原可显著提高疫苗的免疫原性。这些研究共同表明,纳米颗粒被设计用来模拟病原体的生物物理和生化线索,为增强先天免疫的激活提供了新的令人兴奋的机会,并以最小的细胞毒性引发有效的细胞和体液免疫。在这篇综述中,我们介绍了近5年来在纳米颗粒疫苗递送系统领域取得的主要研究进展。我们特别关注生物材料的组成、大小和纳米颗粒的表面电荷对颗粒生物分布、抗原和免疫刺激分子的递送、抗原呈递细胞的运输和靶向以及全身和粘膜组织中整体免疫反应的调节的影响。本文综述了纳米颗粒疫苗递送载体设计的最新进展,包括脂质体、脂基颗粒、胶束和由天然或合成聚合物组成的纳米结构,以及脂-聚合物混合纳米颗粒。
Subunit vaccination benefits from improved safety over attenuated or inactivated vaccines, but their limited capability to elicit long-lasting, concerted cellular and humoral immune responses is a major challenge. Recent studies have demonstrated that antigen delivery via nanoparticle formulations significantly improve immunogenicity of vaccines due to either intrinsic immunostimulatory properties of the materials or by co-entrapment of molecular adjuvants such as Toll-like receptor agonists. These studies have collectively shown that nanoparticles designed to mimic biophysical and biochemical cues of pathogens offer new exciting opportunities to enhance activation of innate immunity and elicit potent cellular and humoral immunity with minimal cytotoxicity. In this review, we present key research advances that were made within the last 5 years in the field of nanoparticle vaccine delivery systems. In particular, we focus on the impact of biomaterials composition, size, and surface charge of nanoparticles on modulation of particle biodistribution, delivery of antigens and immunostimulatory molecules, trafficking and targeting of antigen presenting cells, and overall immune responses in systemic and mucosal tissues. This review describes recent progresses in the design of nanoparticle vaccine delivery carriers, including liposomes, lipid-based particles, micelles and nanostructures composed of natural or synthetic polymers, and lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles.
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