A MOLECULAR AND MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE GYMNOGONGRUS-DEVONIENSIS (RHODOPHYTA) COMPLEX IN THE NORTH-ATLANTIC
A MOLECULAR AND MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE GYMNOGONGRUS-DEVONIENSIS (RHODOPHYTA) COMPLEX IN THE NORTH-ATLANTIC
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0022-3646.1992.00214.x
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发表时间：
1992-04-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
BIRD, CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MAGGS, CA;DOUGLAS, SE;BIRD, CJ
通过比较分子、形态和培养研究阐明了北大西洋的Gymnogongrus devoniensis（Greville）Schotter复合体。 细胞器DNA的限制性片段长度模式和杂交数据显示，在欧洲和加拿大东部的样品中有两个不同的类群。 核酮糖-1，5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶（Rubisco）的大小亚基基因之间的基因间隔区的核苷酸序列，以及两个基因的相邻区域，在两个分类群之间的差异为12.5-13.4%。 其中一个分类群包括来自模式产地G.德文郡德文郡托尔拜的Devoniensis被认为是真正的G. devoniensis。 在这一分类群中，来自爱尔兰、英格兰、北方法国、北方西班牙和葡萄牙南部的样品表现出很大的形态变异，特别是在习性上，但它们的Rubisco间隔区序列是相同的，或仅相差一个核苷酸。 恒定的形态特征包括发展，从一个单一的辅助细胞，球形囊果与厚的粘液鞘，似乎是典型的Gymnogongrus种与内部囊果。 发现两种生活史类型。北方分离物经历了直接型生活史，通过果孢子回收无融合生殖的雌性，而葡萄牙分离物遵循异形生活史，其中果孢子产生甲壳四孢子体。第二组样品，来自新斯科舍省和北方爱尔兰，暂时被称为Gymnogongrus sp.，表现出很小的形态变化。 生活史在这两个地区包括无融合生殖二倍体雌配子体和二倍体壳状双孢子体和四孢子体。 样品的Rubisco间隔区序列是相同的，并且先前在新斯科舍样品中描述的质粒也存在于北方爱尔兰人群中。 本种广泛分布于大西洋西部，从纽芬兰到马萨诸塞州。 在欧洲，配子体只在一个地点发现，但结壳分布在丹麦、苏格兰（可能还有挪威）到法国。 这是很有可能的，这个物种是从北大西洋的一边引进到另一边的航运在世纪早期。 几个形态特征是不寻常的属内，但与G。leptophyllusJ. Agardh的分离，进一步的工作是必要的，以确定是否Gymnogongrus sp.和G.薄叶植物是同种的。
The Gymnogongrus devoniensis (Greville) Schotter complex in the North Atlantic Ocean was elucidated by comparative molecular, morphological, and culture studies. Restriction fragment length patterns and hybridization data on organellar DNA revealed two distinct taxa in samples from Europe and eastern Canada. Nucleotide sequences for the intergenic spacer between the large and small subunit genes of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), and the adjoining regions of both genes, differed by 12.5-13.4% between the two taxa. One of the taxa, which included material from the type locality of G. devoniensis at Torbay, Devon, England, was taken to represent authentic G. devoniensis. Within this taxon, samples from Ireland, England, northern France, northern Spain, and southern Portugal showed great morphological variation, particularly in habit, but their Rubisco spacer sequences were identical or differed by only a single nucleotide. Constant morphological features included the development, from a single auxiliary cell, of the spherical cystocarp with a thick mucilage sheath that appears to be typical of Gymnogongrus species with internal cystocarps. Two life-history types were found. Northern isolates underwent a direct-type life history, recycling apomictic females by carpospores, whereas the Portuguese isolate followed a heteromorphic life history in which carpospores gave rise to a crustose tetrasporophyte.The second group of samples, from Nova Scotia and Northern Ireland, provisionally referred to as Gymnogongrus sp., showed little morphological variation. The life history in both areas consists of apomictically reproducing diploid female gametophytes and diploid crustose bisporophytes and tetrasporophytes. Rubisco spacer sequences of the samples were identical, and the plasmid previously described in the Nova Scotian samples was also present in the Northern Ireland population. This species is widely distributed in the western Atlantic, from Newfoundland to Massachusetts. In Europe, gametophytes are known only at one site, but crusts are distributed from Denmark, Scotland (and probably Norway) to France. It is very likely that this species was introduced from one side of the North Atlantic to the other by shipping during the early nineteenth century. Several morphological features are unusual within the genus but are shared with G. leptophyllus J. Agardh from the eastern Pacific Ocean, and further work is necessary to determine whether Gymnogongrus sp. and G. leptophyllus are conspecific.