Contributions of source and inhibitory mechanisms to age-related retroactive interference in verbal working memory.
Contributions of source and inhibitory mechanisms to age-related retroactive interference in verbal working memory.
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-3445.132.1.93
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发表时间：
2003-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Hedden;Denise C. Park
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Hedden;Denise C. Park
对于认知理论家来说，确定来源监控和抑制功能对年龄相关遗忘的贡献一直是一个难以实现的目标。五项研究使用言语工作记忆范式来检查成人衰老过程中不成比例的追溯干扰(RI)的机制。参与者将研究的目标词对与被大声朗读的干扰词对区分开来。来源监控和抑制性任务成分因反应要求的不同而不同。RI效应主要是由于源头监测失败，而不是抑制失败。去除来源成分和抑制成分消除了RI的年龄差异。当强调源头监测时，RI继续在所有年龄组中被观察到，但在老年人中不成比例。对记忆的加工分离分析发现，回忆力下降，熟悉度增加，与来源故障一致。
Determining contributions of source-monitoring and inhibitory function to age-related forgetting has been an elusive goal for cognitive theorists. Five studies used a verbal working memory paradigm to examine mechanisms accounting for disproportionate retroactive interference (RI) experienced with adult aging. Participants distinguished studied target-word pairs from interfering pairs that were read aloud. Source-monitoring and inhibitory task components varied through manipulations of response requirements. RI effects were primarily due to source-monitoring failures rather than to inhibitory failures. Removing both source and inhibitory components eliminated age differences in RI. When source monitoring was emphasized, RI continued to be observed in all age groups but disproportionately for older adults. Process dissociation analyses of memory found recollection decreases and familiarity increases consistent with source failures.