Topographical Short-Term Memory Differentiates Alzheimer's Disease From Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
Topographical Short-Term Memory Differentiates Alzheimer's Disease From Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
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DOI：
10.1002/hipo.20715
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Burgess, Neil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bird, Chris M.;Chan, Dennis;Burgess, Neil
我们使用了最近开发的空间记忆测试——四山测试——来研究遗忘性轻度认知障碍（a- mci）和轻度阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者的地形定向障碍的核心认知过程。将这些临床组的表现与年龄匹配的对照组、额颞叶变性（FTLD）患者和主观记忆障碍患者进行比较。我们研究了从不同角度显示的计算机生成景观的地形特征配置的感知（并发匹配-样本）和短期保留（2-s延迟匹配-样本）。31例患者（7例AD， 6例a-MCI， 7例颞变FTLD， 5例额变FTLD， 6例主观记忆障碍）和25例年龄和性别匹配的对照。27例患者行脑MRI检查；使用视觉评定量表评估内侧颞叶萎缩。a-MCI或轻度AD患者的地形短期记忆受损，但知觉未受损。在地形子测试中没有发现其他组间差异。值得注意的是，颞叶型FTLD患者表现正常，与损伤的侧边无关。对景观的非空间方面的感知和保留的子测试（天气条件、季节和光照和颜色的日常变化）在区分患者群体方面很差。这些结果表明，在阿尔茨海默氏症中发现的更普遍的长期记忆障碍的背景下，即使在很短的时间内，也存在表征地形布局的核心缺陷，并表明该功能对疾病的早期阶段特别敏感。(C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc。
We used a recently developed test of spatial memory-the Four Mountains Test-to investigate the core cognitive processes underpinning topographical disorientation in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD). Performance of these clinical groups was compared with age-matched controls, patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), and patients with subjective memory impairments. We investigated the perception (concurrent match-to-sample) and short-term retention (2-s delayed match-to-sample) of the configuration of topographical features in computer-generated landscapes shown from different viewpoints. Thirty-one patients were tested (7 AD, 6 a-MCI, 7 temporal variant FTLD, 5 frontal variant FTLD, 6 subjective memory impairment) and 25 age-and gender-matched controls. Brain MRI was available for 27 patients; medial temporal lobe atrophy was assessed using a visual rating scale. Patients with a-MCI or mild AD were impaired on topographical short-term memory, but not perception. No other group differences were found on the topographical subtests. Notably, patients with temporal variants of FTLD performed normally, regardless of the laterality of damage. Subtests for the perception and retention of nonspatial aspects of the landscapes (weather conditions, seasonal and daily variations in lighting and color) were poor at differentiating the patient groups. These results indicate a core deficit in representing topographical layout, even for very short durations, within the context of more general long-term memory impairments found in AD, and suggest that this function is particularly sensitive to the earliest stages of the disease. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.