Animal Models of Speech and Vocal Communication Deficits Associated With Psychiatric Disorders.
Animal Models of Speech and Vocal Communication Deficits Associated With Psychiatric Disorders.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.07.001
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Roberts TF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Konopka G;Roberts TF
言语、语言和声音交流的中断是几种神经精神障碍的标志，最明显的是自闭症谱系障碍。从历史上看，使用动物模型来解剖分子途径并将其与认知障碍中的行为内表型联系起来已被证明是开发和测试疾病相关治疗方法的有效方法。与其他动物的发声行为相比，人类语言的独特之处使这种方法更具挑战性。然而，对具有与人类相似脑回路的物种的声乐学习的研究可能为理解这种人类特异性表型和疾病提供切入点。在这里，我们回顾了声音学习和声音交流的动物模型，并特别将精神疾病的表型与相关模型系统联系起来。神经回路组织和突触可塑性的进化限制导致了声音学习和声音交流的大脑机制的相似性。比较方法和仔细考虑不同动物模型之间的行为限制可以为剖析破坏言语、语言和声音交流的认知障碍的分子途径提供重要途径。
Disruptions in speech, language and vocal communication are hallmarks of several neuropsychiatric disorders, most notably autism spectrum disorders. Historically, the use of animal models to dissect molecular pathways and connect them to behavioral endophenotypes in cognitive disorders has proven to be an effective approach for developing and testing disease-relevant therapeutics. The unique aspects of human language when compared to vocal behaviors in other animals make such an approach potentially more challenging. However, the study of vocal learning in species with analogous brain circuits to humans may provide entry points for understanding this human-specific phenotype and diseases. Here, we review animal models of vocal learning and vocal communication, and specifically link phenotypes of psychiatric disorders to relevant model systems. Evolutionary constraints in the organization of neural circuits and synaptic plasticity result in similarities in the brain mechanisms for vocal learning and vocal communication. Comparative approaches and careful consideration of the behavioral limitations among different animal models can provide critical avenues for dissecting the molecular pathways underlying cognitive disorders that disrupt speech, language and vocal communication.