Habitat use, activity patterns and use of mineral licks by five species of ungulate in south-eastern Peru
Habitat use, activity patterns and use of mineral licks by five species of ungulate in south-eastern Peru
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DOI：
10.1017/s0266467409005896
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Powell, George
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tobler, Mathias W.;Carrillo-Percastegui, Samia E.;Powell, George
我们研究了栖息地的利用。使用来自秘鲁马德雷德迪奥斯低地雨林两个不同地点的四次 60 天相机陷阱调查的数据，研究了五种亚马逊有蹄类动物的活动模式和对矿物舔舐的利用。相机陷阱被设置在两个规则的网格中，分别有 40 和 43 个相机站，覆盖面积分别为 50 和 65 km(2)，以及五个矿物舔。通过占用率分析，我们检验了物种在空间上分离的假设。结果表明，灰鹿 (Mazama gouazoubria) 几乎只出现在陆地森林中，而在一些调查中，白唇西貒 (Tayussu pecari) 更频繁地使用洪泛区森林。所有其他物种都没有表现出栖息地偏好，我们也没有发现任何物种的空间回避。白唇西貒、领西貒（Pecari tajacu）及其灰鹿鹿严格是昼行性的，而低地貘（Tapirus terrestris）则是夜行性的。红花鹿（Mazama americana）昼夜活跃。貘是访问矿物舔次数最多的物种（平均每 100 天 52.8 次），其次是白唇西貒（平均每 100 天 16.1 次）和红花鹿（平均每 100 天 17.1 次）。项圈西猯只被记录了三次，而灰鹿则从未被见过。然而，我们的结果表明，资源分配主要发生在饮食水平上，而较少发生在空间水平上。小规模栖息地利用的差异仍然可能存在。
We Studied the habitat use. activity patterns and use of mineral licks by five species of Amazonian ungulate using data from four 60-d camera trap surveys at two different sites in the lowland rain forest of Madre de Dios, Peru. Camera traps were set out in two regular grids with 40 and 43 camera stations covering an area of 50 and 65 km(2), as well its at five mineral licks. Using occupancy, analysis we tested the hypothesis that species are spatially separated. The results showed that the grey brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubria) occurred almost exclusively in terra firme forests, and that the while-lipped peccary (Tayussu pecari) used floodplain forest more frequently during some surveys. All other species showed no habitat preference and we did not lind any spatial avoidance of species. The white-lipped peccary, the Collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) as well its the grey brocket deer were strictly diurnal while the lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) was nocuturnal. The red brocket deer (Mazama americana) was active day and night. The tapir was the species With the highest number of visits to mineral licks (average 52.8 visits per 100 d) followed by the white-lipped peccary (average 16.1 visits per 100 d) and the red brocket deer (average 17.1 visits per 100 d). The collared peccary was only recorded on three occasions and the grey brocket deer was never seen at a lick. Our results suggest that resource partitioning takes place mainly at the diet level and less at it spatial level: however. differences in small-scale habitat use are still possible.