The polonium-210 poisoning of Mr Alexander Litvinenko
The polonium-210 poisoning of Mr Alexander Litvinenko
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DOI：
10.1088/1361-6498/aa58a7
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Youngman, Mike
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Harrison, John;Fell, Tim;Youngman, Mike
利特维年科先生于2006年11月1日被钋-210中毒，于11月23日死亡。对死后组织样本、尿液和血液样本的钋-210含量的测量表明，存在大量的钋-210。头发样本的放射自显影显示有两个区域有Po-210的活性，这提供了2006年10月期间较早的一次中毒尝试的证据，导致血液吸收的Po-210约为11月1日估计量的百分之一。假定10%被血液吸收，11月1日的摄入估计约为4 GBq，由此产生的器官剂量达到的估计值通常在约20 Gy至100 Gy以上。与造成不可逆器官损害所需的持久α粒子剂量的估计数进行比较，支持了以下结论，即死亡是多器官衰竭的不可避免的后果，造血骨髓的破坏以及肾脏和肝脏的损害是重要原因。如果2006年10月早些时候的中毒事件没有发生在11月1日的第二次主要摄入，那么可能是早些时候摄入的大约40 MBq，血液吸收了4 MBq。在长达数月或数年的时间内，剂量接近3gy时，会造成不可逆的肾脏损伤。
Mr Litvinenko died on 23 November 2006 after having been poisoned with polonium-210 on 1 November. Measurements of the polonium-210 content of post-mortem tissue samples and samples of urine and blood showed the presence of large amounts of Po-210. Autoradiography of hair samples showed two regions of Po-210 activity, providing evidence of an earlier poisoning attempt during October 2006, resulting in absorption to blood of about one-hundredth of that estimated for 1 November. Intake by ingestion on 1 November was estimated to be around 4 GBq, assuming 10% absorption to blood, and the resulting organ doses reached estimated values that were generally in a range from about 20 Gy to over 100 Gy. Comparison with estimates of protracted alpha particle doses required to cause irreversible organ damage supported the conclusion that death was the inevitable consequence of multiple organ failure, with destruction of the haemopoietic bone marrow, as well as damage to kidneys and liver, being important contributors. If the earlier poisoning during October 2006 had not been followed by a second major intake on 1 November, it is possible that the earlier intake of around 40 MBq, with absorption of 4 MBq to blood, might have. caused irreversible kidney damage over a prolonged period of months or years, with doses of approaching 3 Gy.