Raman Spectroscopy in Human Health and Biomedicine
Raman Spectroscopy in Human Health and Biomedicine
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拉曼光谱在人类健康和生物医学中的应用
DOI：
10.1142/9789811264610_0007
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sloan-Dennison S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sloan-Dennison S
即时诊断是一种可在患者现场或其附近进行的检测，以便及时产生结果，改进了大多局限于中心实验室的传统检测。它们被用于许多不同的应用，包括诊断高度传染性疾病[1]，提供糖尿病[2]等疾病的日常监测，评估包括口服抗凝血剂[3]在内的治疗的影响，以及用于家庭测试以确定妊娠[4]。有许多不同类型的POC设备和平台。由于2019冠状病毒病大流行，基于纸张的横向流动已成为最知名的流动之一。微流体装置也经常用于提供现场答案。该测试也不一定要使用设备，可以像混合试剂和样品一样简单，以产生基于溶液的平台。它通常用于使用不同的化学方法，如聚合酶链反应（PCR）、免疫测定或酶促试验来检测生物标志物的存在。还使用标记分子，然后可以通过视觉或读出仪器检测，给出简单的是/否答案或提供定量结果。
Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are tests which can be performed at or near the site of a patient to produce results in a timely manner, improving on conventional tests which are mostly confined to a central laboratory. They are used in many different applications including diagnosing highly infectious diseases [1], providing routine daily monitoring of diseases such as diabetes [2], to assess the impact of treatments which includes oral anticoagulants [3] and for at home-testing to determine pregnancy [4]. There are many different types of POC devices and platforms. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, paper-based lateral flows have become one of the most well known [5]. Microfluidic devices are also routinely used to provide on-the-spot answers [6]. The test also does not necessarily have to use a device and could be as simple as mixing of reagents and samples to produce a solution-based platform. It is usually designed to detect the presence of a biomarker using different chemistries such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunoassays or enzymatic tests. Labeling molecules are also used which can then be detected visually or with a read-out instrument, to give either a simple yes/no answer or provide a quantitative result.