Lateralized frontal activity for Japanese phonological processing during child development
Lateralized frontal activity for Japanese phonological processing during child development
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2015.00417
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发表时间：
2015-07-17
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Inagaki, Masumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Goto, Takaaki;Kita, Yosuke;Inagaki, Masumi
语音意识对于阅读是必不可少的，并且是所有语言系统所共有的，包括字母语言和日语。这种认知因素在儿童时期发展，被认为与大脑活动的变化有关。然而，这种神经生物学发展转变的性质对于日语的使用者来说并不清楚，因为日语不是一种字母语言。本研究的目的是揭示在日本出生的儿童在处理语音信息的大脑功能的转变。我们对103名7-12岁的儿童进行了语音意识任务和血流动力学检查。年龄较小的孩子会犯错误，需要更多的时间来倒序排序语音信息，而年龄较大的孩子则快速准确地完成了任务。此外，年龄较小的儿童表现出双侧背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）的活动增加，这可能是语音处理技能不成熟的证据。年龄较大的儿童表现出优势活动在左侧相比，右侧DLPFC，这表明他们已经获得了语音处理技能。我们还发现年龄和偏侧活动对行为表现有显著影响。在早期的发展阶段，左侧化的程度似乎有一个较小的影响行为表现。相反，在发展的后期，左侧化的程度似乎对行为表现有更强的影响。这些关于日语使用者神经生物学发展转变的初步研究结果表明，共同的大脑区域在不同语言系统（如日语和字母语言）之间的语音处理技能的发展中起着至关重要的作用。
Phonological awareness is essential for reading, and is common to all language systems, including alphabetic languages and Japanese. This cognitive factor develops during childhood, and is thought to be associated with shifts in brain activity. However, the nature of this neurobiological developmental shift is unclear for speakers of Japanese, which is not an alphabetical language. The present study aimed to reveal a shift in brain functions for processing phonological information in native-born Japanese children. We conducted a phonological awareness task and examined hemodynamic activity in 103 children aged 7-12 years. While younger children made mistakes and needed more time to sort phonological information in reverse order, older children completed the task quickly and accurately. Additionally, younger children exhibited increased activity in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which may be evidence of immature phonological processing skills. Older children exhibited dominant activity in the left compared with the right DLPFC, suggesting that they had already acquired phonological processing skills. We also found significant effects of age and lateralized activity on behavioral performance. During earlier stages of development, the degree of left lateralization appears to have a smaller effect on behavioral performance. Conversely, in later stages of development, the degree of left lateralization appears to have a stronger influence on behavioral performance. These initial findings regarding a neurobiological developmental shift in Japanese speakers suggest that common brain regions play a critical role in the development of phonological processing skills among different languages systems, such as Japanese and alphabetical languages.