A Response to Scientific and Societal Needs for Marine Biological Observations
A Response to Scientific and Societal Needs for Marine Biological Observations
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2019.00395
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发表时间：
2019-07-17
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tyack, Peter Lloyd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bax, Nicholas J.;Miloslavich, Patricia;Tyack, Peter Lloyd
全球海洋生物观测能力的发展正处于一个阶跃变化的尖端。目前自动化数据收集和处理以及将所产生的数据流与作为公平、公正和可公开获得的补充数据相结合的能力，肯定会大大提高科学家和决策者今后可获得的信息和知识的数量和质量。毫无疑问，科学家们将继续扩大他们对海洋中生活着什么，生活在哪里以及如何变化的理解。然而，这一不断扩大的信息流是否将为政策和管理提供信息，或被纳入国家报告的指标，则更加不确定。协调的数据收集，包括公开分享数据，将有助于产生管理人员重视的一致的循证信息。全球海洋数据系统生物和生态系统小组正在与其他全球倡议合作，通过界定和实施基本海洋变量来协助这种协调。生物EOV已经定义，正在根据社区反馈进行更新，其实施正在进行中。2019年，将量化能够解决未来十年关键问题的全球海洋观测系统的覆盖范围和精度，并确定其支持联合国海洋科学促进可持续发展十年目标的潜力。要建立一个全球海洋生物和生态系统观测系统，就需要同时努力改进对国际协定进展情况的循证监测，并改进开放数据、报告和治理结构，以便利决策者吸收更好的信息。
Development of global ocean observing capacity for the biological EOVs is on the cusp of a step-change. Current capacity to automate data collection and processing and to integrate the resulting data streams with complementary data, openly available as FAIR data, is certain to dramatically increase the amount and quality of information and knowledge available to scientists and decision makers into the future. There is little doubt that scientists will continue to expand their understanding of what lives in the ocean, where it lives and how it is changing. However, whether this expanding information stream will inform policy and management or be incorporated into indicators for national reporting is more uncertain. Coordinated data collection including open sharing of data will help produce the consistent evidence-based messages that are valued by managers. The GODS Biology and Ecosystems Panel is working with other global initiatives to assist this coordination by defining and implementing Essential Ocean Variables. The biological EOVs have been defined, are being updated following community feedback, and their implementation is underway. In 2019, the coverage and precision of a global ocean observing system capable of addressing key questions for the next decade will be quantified, and its potential to support the goals of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development identified. Developing a global ocean observing system for biology and ecosystems requires parallel efforts in improving evidence-based monitoring of progress against international agreements and the open data, reporting and governance structures that would facilitate the uptake of improved information by decision makers.