Micro-segmental hair analysis for proving drug-facilitated crimes: Evidence that a victim ingested a sleeping aid, diphenhydramine, on a specific day
Micro-segmental hair analysis for proving drug-facilitated crimes: Evidence that a victim ingested a sleeping aid, diphenhydramine, on a specific day
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DOI：
10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.04.027
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Inoue, Hiroyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuwayama, Kenji;Nariai, Maika;Inoue, Hiroyuki
助眠剂经常被滥用于毒品犯罪。一般来说，很少有证据表明受害者是在不知情的情况下摄入了加了香料的饮料，因为无意识的受害者无法在犯罪发生后立即向警方报告情况。虽然传统的毛发片段分析可以估计自服用目标药物以来的月数，但这种分析不能确定摄入的具体日期。我们最近开发了一种使用内部时间标记（ITMs）来估计药物摄入日期的微段头发分析方法。这种方法是基于志愿者摄入itm来确定单个发丝内的时间尺度，通过以0.4毫米的间隔分割一根发丝，对应于每天的头发生长。这项研究评估了这种方法估计非处方安眠药苯海拉明摄入日期的能力，苯海拉明很容易被滥用。为了模拟在不知道的情况下摄入含有苯海拉明的饮料，每个受试者摄入一剂苯海拉明，然后相隔14天摄入两剂ITM，氯苯那敏。在第二次服用ITM几周后，从每位受试者的头皮上收集了几根头发。在单个发丝的特定区域检测到苯海拉明和ITM。摄取苯海拉明的时间由各区域与摄入ITM的时间之间的距离估计。无论受试者和收集头发的时间如何，估计摄入日与实际摄入日之间的误差在-0.1至1.9天之间。对96段头发（头发长度：3.84 cm）进行微节段分析所需的总时间约为2天，成本与一般药物分析几乎相同。这一程序可适用于调查由各种毒品促成的犯罪。(c) 2018 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Sleeping aids are often abused in the commission of drug-facilitated crimes. Generally, there is little evidence that a victim ingested a spiked drink unknowingly because the unconscious victim cannot report the situation to the police immediately after the crime occurred. Although conventional segmental hair analysis can estimate the number of months since a targeted drug was ingested, this analysis cannot determine the specific day of ingestion. We recently developed a method of micro-segmental hair analysis using internal temporal markers (ITMs) to estimate the day of drug ingestion. This method was based on volunteer ingestion of ITMs to determine a timescale within individual hair strands, by segmenting a single hair strand at 0.4-mm intervals, corresponding to daily hair growth. This study assessed the ability of this method to estimate the day of ingestion of an over-the-counter sleeping aid, diphenhydramine, which can be easily abused. To model ingestion of a diphenhydramine-spiked drink unknowingly, each subject ingested a dose of diphenhydramine, followed by ingestion of two doses of the ITM, chlorpheniramine, 14 days apart. Several hair strands were collected from each subject's scalp several weeks after the second ITM ingestion. Diphenhydramine and ITM were detected at specific regions within individual hair strands. The day of diphenhydramine ingestion was estimated from the distances between the regions and the days of ITM ingestion. The error between estimated and actual ingestion day ranged from -0.1 to 1.9 days regardless of subjects and hair collection times. The total time required for micro-segmental analysis of 96 hair segments (hair length: 3.84 cm) was approximately 2 days and the cost was almost the same as in general drug analysis. This procedure may be applicable to the investigation of crimes facilitated by various drugs. (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.