Kelvin modes as Nambu-Goldstone modes along superfluid vortices and relativistic strings: finite volume size effects
Kelvin modes as Nambu-Goldstone modes along superfluid vortices and relativistic strings: finite volume size effects
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沿着超流体涡流和相对论弦的南部-戈德斯通模式的开尔文模式：有限体积尺寸效应
DOI：
10.1093/ptep/ptu017
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Michikazu Kobayashi and Muneto Nitta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michikazu Kobayashi;Muneto Nitta;Masaki Tezuka;Michikazu Kobayashi and Muneto Nitta;Michikazu Kobayashi and Muneto Nitta
我们通过构建这些模式的低能有效理论，分别研究沿超流体中的量子化涡旋和相对论全局弦激发的开尔文模式和平移零模式以及相对论场论。我们发现，只有在具有无限体积限制的系统中，它们才会变成精确的无间隙南部-戈德斯通模式。另一方面，在具有有限体积的系统中，我们发现存在一个假想的巨大间隙，导致高于相对论理论中某个临界波长的快子不稳定性。我们还在非相对论理论中发现，波长大于某个临界值的开尔文模的传播方向与长度较短的开尔文模相反，这与传统的理解相反。对于相对论和非相对论理论来说，Nambu-Goldstone 模式的数量也使 Nielsen-Chadha 不等式的等式饱和。
We study Kelvin modes and translational zero modes excited along a quantized vortex and relativistic global string in superfluids and a relativistic field theory, respectively, by constructing the low-energy effective theory of these modes. We find that they become exact gapless Nambu–Goldstone modes only in a system with the infinite volume limit. On the other hand, in a system with finite volume, we find an imaginary massive gap causing tachyonic instability above some critical wavelength in the relativistic theory. We also find in the non-relativistic theory that Kelvin modes with wavelengths longer than some critical value propagate in the direction opposite to those with shorter length, contrary to conventional understanding. The number of Nambu–Goldstone modes also saturate the equality of the Nielsen–Chadha inequality for both relativistic and non-relativistic theories.