What Is Ecological Validity? A Dimensional Analysis
What Is Ecological Validity? A Dimensional Analysis
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DOI：
10.1207/s15327078in0204_02
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Schmuckler, Mark A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schmuckler, Mark A.
生态有效性通常被用来指一个人是否可以从实验室中观察到的行为推广到世界上的自然行为。虽然在当前的研究讨论中很常见，但生态有效性的概念在心理学思想中有着悠久的历史。这个想法的一个简短的历史检查表明，生态有效性的关注是显而易见的，在多个维度的实验工作，包括实验设置的性质，调查中的刺激，和观察员的反应作为措施。然而，这种多维性的一个问题是，没有提供明确的标准来应用这一概念来评价研究。这个问题的一个后果是，在大多数实验情况下，可以提出生态有效性的关注。本文讨论了生态有效性的一些要求和这些不同维度的性质，以及对这些限制因素对流动性发展研究的批判性评价。
Ecological validity has typically been taken to refer to whether or not one can generalize from observed behavior in the laboratory to natural behavior in the world. Although common in current discussions of research, the idea of ecological validity has a long history in psychological thought. A brief historical examination of this idea reveals that concerns with ecological validity are evident in multiple dimensions of experimental work, including the nature of the experimental setting, the stimuli under investigation, and the observer's response employed as the measure. One problem with this multidimensionality, however, is that no explicit criteria have been offered for applying this concept to an evaluation of research. One consequence of this problem is that concerns with ecological validity can be raised in most experimental situations. This article includes a discussion of some demands of ecological validity and the nature of these different dimensions, as well as a critical evaluation of research on the development of mobility with respect to these constraints.