Virulence, parasite mode of transmission, and host fluctuating asymmetry
Virulence, parasite mode of transmission, and host fluctuating asymmetry
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1997.0002
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发表时间：
1997-01-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Koella, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agnew, P;Koella, JC
水平传播的寄生虫被广泛预测比垂直传播的寄生虫更具毒性，或对宿主适应性的代价更高。这主要是因为从宿主父母到后代的垂直传播明确地将双方的生殖利益联系在一起。这一预测的基础是一个普遍的假设，即寄生虫传播成功与其毒力呈正相关。我们报告的结果，其中感染的幼虫黄热病蚊子埃及伊蚊与微孢子虫Edhazardia aedis实验操作。寄生虫的复杂的生命周期允许的水平和垂直传播宿主健身的估计之间的比较。我们的毒力的措施是波动的不对称性（FA）的成年女性的翅膀。携带孢子的真菌显示出比对照更高的FA。水平传播的孢子与较高的脂肪酸比垂直传播的孢子。此外，在宿主体内，FA与水平传播的孢子数呈正相关，而与垂直传播的孢子数无关。提出了一个发育机制解偶联垂直传播和毒力之间的关系。
Horizontally transmitted parasites are broadly predicted to be more virulent, or costly to host fitness, than those with vertical transmission. This is mainly because vertical transmission, from host parent to offspring, explicitly links the reproductive interests of both parties. Underlying this prediction is a general assumption that parasite transmission success is positively correlated with its virulence. We report results where infection of larval yellow fever mosquitoes Aedes aegypti with the microsporidian Edhazardia aedis was experimentally manipulated. The parasite's complex life cycle allowed comparisons between estimates of horizontal and vertical transmission on host fitness. Our measure of virulence was the fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of adult female wings. Hosts harbouring spores showed higher FAs than controls. Horizontally transmitting spores were associated with higher FAs than vertically transmitting spores. Furthermore, within hosts FA correlated positively with the number of horizontally transmitting spores: while no relation was seen with the number of vertically transmitting spores. A developmental mechanism uncoupling the relationship between vertical transmission and virulence is proposed.