Adolescent-Adult Social Networks and Experiences of Violence Among Black Youth in Neighborhoods With High Levels of Community Violence.
Adolescent-Adult Social Networks and Experiences of Violence Among Black Youth in Neighborhoods With High Levels of Community Violence.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.05.010
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Carley, Kathleen M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Culyba, Alison J;Riley, Alexander T;Corona, Gabrielle;Miller, Elizabeth;Carley, Kathleen M
成人的支持与影响健康的危险行为呈负相关。本研究旨在描述青少年-成人支持网络的结构和质量，并分析网络属性、情感和工具支持的强度以及居住在社区暴力高水平社区的主要黑人青年的暴力参与之间的关系。来自宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡市社区暴力水平较高的106名青少年完成了以自我为中心的社会网络调查，调查描述了成人的支持、跨环境的支持措施、过去30天的暴力行为、受害和目睹情况。40名被认定为年轻人的成年人完成了补充性的社会网络调查。泊松回归检验了社会支持强度、成人暴力经历和青少年暴力经历之间的联系。青年参与者的平均年龄为16.7岁，56%自称为女性，84%为黑人或非裔美国人。青少年和成人参与者报告了高水平的暴力接触和参与。青少年平均得到4.8个成年人的支持。在他们的网络中发现至少一个直系亲属与暴力犯罪（aIRR:0.44, 95%CI0.22-0.89）、受害（aIRR:0.42, 95%CI 0.25-0.72）和目击（aIRR:0.48, 95%CI 0.35-0.64）呈负相关。参与暴力的成人支持百分比与暴力实施（aIRR:1.81, 95%CI 1.07-3.07）、受害（aIRR:1.95, 95%CI 1.09-3.45）和目击（aIRR:1.85, 95%CI 1.25-2.73）直接相关。青少年报告的青少年-成人社会网络结构与暴力之间几乎没有关联。以网络为基础的干预措施结合以治疗为中心的服务，适应黑人青年的暴力经历及其成人支持，可能为利用青年现有的成人支持网络和减少暴力提供机会。
Adult support is inversely linked to health-affecting risk behaviors. This study aimed to describe adolescent-adult support network structure and quality, and to analyze associations among network properties, strength of emotional and instrumental support, and violence involvement among predominantly Black youth residing in neighborhoods with high levels of community violence. 106 youth from urban neighborhoods with high levels of community violence in Pittsburgh, PA completed egocentric social network surveys describing adult supports, measures of support across contexts, and past 30-day violence perpetration, victimization, and witnessing. Forty youth-identified adults completed complementary social network surveys. Poisson regression examined associations between strength of social support, adults’ violence experiences, and youths’ violence experiences. Mean youth participant age was 16.7 years, 56% self-identified as female, and 84% as Black or African American. Youth and adult participants reported high levels of violence exposure and involvement. Youth identified a mean of 4.8 adult supports. Identifying at least one immediate family member in their network was inversely related to violence perpetration (aIRR:0.44, 95%CI0.22–0.89), victimization (aIRR:0.42, 95%CI 0.25–0.72), and witnessing (aIRR:0.48, 95%CI 0.35–0.64). The percent of adult supports involved in violence was directly associated with violence perpetration (aIRR:1.81, 95%CI 1.07–3.07), victimization (aIRR:1.95, 95%CI 1.09–3.45), and witnessing (aIRR:1.85, 95%CI 1.25–2.73). Few associations emerged between the structure of youth-reported adolescent-adult social networks and violence. Network-based interventions combined with healing-centered services attuned to violence experiences among Black youth and their adult supports may offer opportunities to leverage youths’ existing adult support network and reduce violence.