Living Together: Behavior and Welfare in Single and Mixed Species Groups of Capuchin (Cebus apella) and Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)
Living Together: Behavior and Welfare in Single and Mixed Species Groups of Capuchin (Cebus apella) and Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.20748
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Whiten, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leonardi, Rebecca;Buchanan-Smith, Hannah M.;Whiten, Andrew
将灵长类动物圈养在混合物种展览中对参观公众和灵长类动物本身都有潜在的好处。如果灵长类动物在野外自然交往，对公众来说可能更具教育意义和观赏性。社会复杂性和刺激性的增加可能会使灵长类动物更加丰富。然而，混合物种的展品也可能会产生福利问题，如种间侵略的压力。我们目前的数据的行为的单一和混合种组的卷尾猴（Cebus apella）和松鼠猴（Saimiri sciureus）住在生活链接到人类进化研究中心在苏格兰爱丁堡动物园的皇家动物学会。这些物种在野外联合，获得觅食的好处和减少捕食。但Cebus本身也是掠食者，对较小的Saimiri有潜在的风险。为了研究它们的共同生活，我们以>= 15分钟的间隔对单一物种组（n = 109）和混合物种组（n = 152）进行扫描采样，并记录所有种内攻击和种间相互作用的发生。我们没有发现慢性压力的证据，Saimiri主动选择与Cebus联系。在79%的扫描中，这两个物种同时占据了它们围栏的同一部分。没有观察到垂直位移。种间的相互作用是常见的（>2.5/hr），平均分为轻度攻击，中性和亲和的相互作用，如游戏。只有一个攻击性的互动涉及身体接触，是无害的。侵略性的相互作用主要是（65%）位移和声音交流，发起几乎同样的Cebus和Saimiri。对外壳的修改成功地减少了这些轻度攻击性的相互作用，而亲和性相互作用的频率和多样性增加了。我们的数据表明，在精心设计的大型围栏中，自然关联的猴子能够和谐地生活，彼此丰富。Am. J. Primatol. 72：33-47，2010. (C)2009 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
There are potential advantages of housing primates in mixed species exhibits for both the visiting public and the primates themselves. If the primates naturally associate in the wild, it may be more educational and enjoyable for the public to view. Increases in social complexity and stimulation may be enriching for the primates. However, mixed species exhibits might also create welfare problems such as stress from interspecific aggression. We present data on the behavior of single and mixed species groups of capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) and squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) housed at the Living Links to Human Evolution Research Centre in the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland's Edinburgh Zoo. These species associate in the wild, gaining foraging benefits and decreased predation. But Cebus are also predators themselves with potential risks for the smaller Saimiri. To study their living together we took scan samples at >= 15 min intervals on single (n = 109) and mixed species groups (n = 152), and all occurrences of intraspecific aggression and interspecific interactions were recorded. We found no evidence of chronic stress and Saimiri actively chose to associate with Cebus. On 79% of scans, the two species simultaneously occupied the same part of their enclosure. No vertical displacement was observed. Interspecific interactions were common (>2.5/hr), and equally divided among mildly aggressive, neutral, and affiliative interactions such as play. Only one aggressive interaction involved physical contact and was non-injurious. Aggressive interactions were mostly (65%) displacements and vocal exchanges, initiated almost equally by Cebus and Saimiri. Modifications to the enclosure were successful in reducing these mildly aggressive interactions with affiliative interactions increasing in frequency and diversity. Our data suggest that in carefully designed, large enclosures, naturally associating monkeys are able to live harmoniously and are enriched by each other. Am. J. Primatol. 72:33-47, 2010. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.